كارل تشرني

كارل تشرني
Carl Czerny
كارل تشرني، لوحة مطبوعة على الحجارة ل Josef Kriehuber، 1833
وُلِدَ	21 February 1791 Vienna, Austria
توفي	15 يوليو 1857(1857-07-15) (aged 66) Vienna, Austria

كارل تشرني ( Carl Czerny ؛ /ˈtʃɛərni/; ألمانية: [ˈtʃɛʁniː]; 21 February 1791 – 15 July 1857) كان مؤلفاً موسيقياً نمساوياً وعازف بيانو ومدرس. His vast musical production amounted to over a thousand works and his books of studies for the piano are still widely used in piano teaching. He was one of Ludwig van Beethoven's best-known pupils and would later on be one of the main teachers of Franz Liszt.

 حياته

كان طالب عند بيتهوفن ومدرس لليست اشتهر تشرني لدى عازفي البيانو في العصر الحديث لتمريناته الفنية رغم انه كتب مئات الأعمال في كل الانواع القليل منها يعزف اليوم. كان مشهور كعازف لأعمال بيتهوفن للبيانو وحفظها كلها لكن احبط بتوقع جولات الحفلات الطويلة ولم يرغب في العزف امام جمهور فلم يسعى لمهنة كعازف ماهر وركز على التدريس بدلا من ذلك وهو ما فعله 12 ساعة في اليوم لاكثر من 20 سنة والتاليف مع نجاح مادي كبير.

Czerny introduces his pupil Franz Liszt to Beethoven. Drawing by Rudolf Lipus (1893–1961).

بفضل تشرني الدارسون في العصر الحديث يعرفون القدر الكبير من ممارسة العزف في اوائل القرن 19. كان طفل وحيد فكرس تشرني معظم وقته للتدريس. كتابه عن دروس في البيانو ما زال منتشر ومستخدم اليوم.

 كتب الدراسات والتدريبات

• Op.139, 100 Progressive Studies without Octaves;
• Op.200, The Art of Improvisation (or The School of Extemporaneous Performance);
• Op.261, 125 Exercises for Passage Playing, ISBN 0739024396;
• Op.299, The School of Velocity, ISBN 0757928196, this volume offers practical training in well-articulated pianistic passage work, particularly in playing the virtuoso music of the romantic period;
• Op.335, Legato & Staccato Exercises, 2 Bks;
• Op.337, 40 Exercises, ISBN 0739018426, Each piece of Op. 337 consists of various sections of one to several measures, each concluded by a coda;
• Op.400, The School of Fugue Playing, 24 Grand Studies;
• Op.599, Practical Method for Beginners, ISBN 0769240062, the book begins with lessons on learning the notes and introduces students to the various technical studies of keyboard music;
• Op.636, Preparatory School of Velocity, ISBN 0769268714;
• Op.718, 24 Studies for the Left Hand, ISBN 073900543X, a set of 24 studies that emphasize training of the left hand. The work is not a collection of left-hand solo studies as one might guess from the title, though it focuses on the dexterity of the left hand;
• Op.740, The Art of Finger Dexterity for the Piano, ISBN 0757921671;
• OP.777, Five Finger Studies, ISBN 0769278744, this collection of studies, Op. 777, features exercises that have the right hand covering only five neighboring keyboard notes, each piece in varying keys and levels of difficulty.;
• Op.821, 160 8-Measure Exercises, ISBN 0739007149, written for the intermediate to advanced student;
• Op.823, The Little Pianist, ISBN 0739003127, in the second half of this volume, the exercises move into a more difficult study of such things as turns, trills, arpeggios, phrasing and more.;
• Op.838, Studies on the practical knowledge of all the chords of the General basses;
• Op.849, 30 New Studies in Technics, ISBN 0739008528;

 كتب أخرى للبيانو

• Czerny's edition of Johann Sebastian Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier. Read on line
• "Letters to a young lady, on the art of playing the pianoforte" ISBN 1290217106.
• "On the Proper performance of all Beethoven's works for piano (1846)"

 المصدر

dk eywitness companions classical music

 قائمة الاعمال

• List of compositions by Carl Czerny. This list is incomplete. Available recordings of each work can be listed (help to complete). Works not on this list are currently being transferred from IMSLP.

 روابط خارجية

• "Is there a vacuum between Schubert and Brahms in the history of Viennese music? There is not, because Czerny stands exactly between them", statement contained in the article "Psalm 130, “Aus der Tiefe rufe ich Herr zu dir” (1840)", written by Professor Otto Biba, Archivist, Society of the Friends of Music, Vienna;
• Études is a ballet by Danish dancer and choreographer Harald Lander made from original piano scores of several Czerny piano studies, arranged by Knudåge Riisager. Études (ballet) is a one-act ballet that begins with traditional ballet exercises at a barre and ends with spectacular bravura displays. It premiered on the 15th of January, 1948 at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen with the Royal Danish Ballet with scenery and costumes by Rolf Gerard and lighting by Nananne Porcher.
• Beethoven and Carl Czerny Research done in 2003 by Ingrid Schwaegermann about the relationship between Carl Czerny and Ludwig van Beethoven, based on Maynard Solomon, Barry Cooper, Thayer's Life of Beethoven and William Kinderman;
• Carl Czerny Music Festival and International Symposium 13–26 June 2002, Edmonton, Alberta The lower portion of this page contains an article from the Edmonton Journal (principal daily newspaper in Edmonton) declaring that Czerny is unfairly judged by history,
• A Lesson For Carl Short story by Andrew Crumey depicting Czerny's first meeting with Beethoven.
• A Manifest pro Carl Czerny by the Carl Czerny Blog Team

 كتب ونوت موسيقية

• "Carl Czerny" Titles from the Munich Digitisation Centre (MDZ)
• "Carl Czerny" Titles from archive.org
• "Carl Czerny" Titles from books.google.com
• Free scores by Carl Czerny at the International Music Score Library Project
• Carl Czerny's scores – The School of Velocity and other etudes for piano.
• Grande Fantaisie en forme de Sonate, opus 144 (ca 1827)
• Rondo espressivo, opus 93 (ca 1825)
• Caprice, opus 108 (ca 1827)
• Second grand trio pour le piano-forte, violon et violoncelle, opus 166 (1830) From Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection
• Deux rondeaux, opus 168 (ca 1829)
• Quatuor concertant für vier Pianoforte über mehrere beliebte Melodien (Quartet for 4 Pianos on Well-Known Melodies), opus 230 (1800) From Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection
• Nocturne, opus 647 (ca 1841)
• Aufmunterung zum Fleiss: 24 unterhaltende Uebungstücke für das Pianoforte, opus 684 (publ. 1890) From Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection