پاكس (المجر) Paks

پاكس

Paks
پاكس Paks
بلدة
	Paks
	Sacred Heart Church
	Flag Coat of arms
	پاكس موقع پاكس
	الإحداثيات: 46°37′19″N 18°51′21″E / 46.622047°N 18.855918°E
البلد	المجر
المقاطعة	تولنا
المركز	پاكس
الحكومة
• العمدة	Péter Szabó (Fidesz)
المساحة
• الإجمالي	154٫08 كم² (59٫49 ميل²)
التعداد (2009)
• الإجمالي	19٬833
• الكثافة	137/km2 (350/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيت	UTC+1 (CET)
• الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)	UTC+2 (CEST)
الرمز البريدي	7030
مفتاح الهاتف	(+36) 75
الموقع الإلكتروني	paks.hu

پاكس Paks هي بلدة صغيرة في مقاطعة تولنا, في جنوب المجر، على الضفة اليمنى لنهر الدانوب، على بعد 100 كم جنوب بوداپشت. باكس التي كانت بلدة زراعية في السابق، هي اليوم مقر محطة الطاقة النووية الوحيد في المجر، والذي يولد نحو 50% من احتياجات البلد من الكهرباء.

التاريخ

The gold jewellery from the hoard found near Paks (1600-1200 BC)

Grand Hotel Erzsébet in Paks، المبني في 1844

The settlement was already inhabited in ancient times. It has played a role in the Ottoman Empire times and during Rákóczi's War of Independence.

The Calvinist and the Lutheran churches were built in 1775 and 1884 respectively.

In the 19th century, several mansions were built in the center of the old town, such as those in Szent István Tér, the main square of the town. The Catholic three-isled, basilica style Sacred Heart church was consecrated in 1901. There is a tablet in the wall of the baroque Szeniczey mansion to commemorate Ferenc Deák, 'the Sage of the Country'. The Town Museum is housed in the former Cseh-Vigyázó mansion.

A Bronze Age gold hoard of jewelry was found between Paks and Dunaföldvár on the right bank of the Danube in the 19th century. The treasure is now in the collections of the British Museum.^[1]

The Catholic Holy Spirit church, built according to the design of Imre Makovecz is considered to be an outstanding work of 20th-century architecture. There is a hundred-year-old chestnut alley lining the walkway on the Danube River bank. The town hosts the Spring Festival at Whitsuntide and the International Festival of Blues, Jazz, Rock and Gastronomy.

In the final stages of the Second World War, Soviet troops occupied the town at great cost in the Budapest Offensive. This was followed by four decades of communist rule. Meanwhile, it was famous for its cannery, wine and fish soup.

The Paks Nuclear Power Plant was built in the town in the 1980s, the final decade of Soviet rule within the country.

الجغرافيا

في 1986، اصطياد سمكة عملاقة من نوع بلوگا (حفش) الذي يعتاد السباحة من البحر الأسود لأعلى الدانوب حتى پشت ليبيض. أقيم تمثال لها في نافذة مبنى صحيفة محلية.

المناخ

Paks's climate is classified as oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb) closely bordering on a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa). The annual average temperature is 11.1 °C (52.0 °F), the hottest month in July is 21.9 °C (71.4 °F), and the coldest month is 0.1 °C (32.2 °F) in January. The annual precipitation is 603.5 ميليمتر (23.76 in), of which July is the wettest with 68.5 ميليمتر (2.70 in), while January is the driest with only 33.4 ميليمتر (1.31 in). The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from −23.3 °C (−9.9 °F) on 25 December 2001 to 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) on 20 July 2007.

بيانات المناخ لـ پاكس، المعتادة 1991−2020
الشهر	ينا	فب	مار	أبر	ماي	يون	يول	أغس	سبت	أكت	نوف	ديس	السنة
القصوى القياسية °س (°ف)	17.4 (63.3)	20.9 (69.6)	24.7 (76.5)	31.7 (89.1)	33.8 (92.8)	36.8 (98.2)	40.6 (105.1)	39.1 (102.4)	36.1 (97.0)	28.8 (83.8)	23.6 (74.5)	18.6 (65.5)	40.6 (105.1)
متوسط القصوى اليومية °س (°ف)	3.9 (39.0)	6.7 (44.1)	12.2 (54.0)	18.6 (65.5)	23.3 (73.9)	27.0 (80.6)	29.1 (84.4)	29.1 (84.4)	23.3 (73.9)	17.6 (63.7)	10.4 (50.7)	4.2 (39.6)	17.1 (62.8)
المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف)	0.1 (32.2)	1.7 (35.1)	6.2 (43.2)	11.8 (53.2)	16.4 (61.5)	20.1 (68.2)	21.9 (71.4)	21.5 (70.7)	16.2 (61.2)	10.9 (51.6)	5.8 (42.4)	0.9 (33.6)	11.1 (52.0)
متوسط الدنيا اليومية °س (°ف)	−3.3 (26.1)	−2.6 (27.3)	0.6 (33.1)	4.9 (40.8)	9.7 (49.5)	13.3 (55.9)	14.8 (58.6)	14.4 (57.9)	10.2 (50.4)	5.6 (42.1)	1.8 (35.2)	−2.1 (28.2)	5.6 (42.1)
الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف)	−22.7 (−8.9)	−21.5 (−6.7)	−21.4 (−6.5)	−8.8 (16.2)	−2.9 (26.8)	1.6 (34.9)	5.1 (41.2)	5.2 (41.4)	−0.5 (31.1)	−11.0 (12.2)	−16.0 (3.2)	−23.3 (−9.9)	−23.3 (−9.9)
متوسط تساقط الأمطار mm (inches)	33.4 (1.31)	38.3 (1.51)	32.2 (1.27)	36.7 (1.44)	59.4 (2.34)	64.9 (2.56)	68.5 (2.70)	58.3 (2.30)	61.6 (2.43)	52.2 (2.06)	50.8 (2.00)	47.2 (1.86)	603.5 (23.76)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	6.1	6.9	5.8	6.5	8.7	7.7	6.9	6.3	6.7	6.6	7.6	7.7	83.5
متوسط الرطوبة النسبية (%)	82.7	76.7	67.7	62.5	66.2	67.3	65.5	66.7	72.8	78.2	83.7	85.2	72.9
Source: NOAA^[2]