بورشت
![]() | |
Alternative names | Borscht, Borsch, borshch, borsht, bortsch |
---|---|
Type | حساء |
Place of origin | أوكرانيا |
Associated cuisine | مطابخ شرق أوروبا المتعددة |
Cooking time | 3 hours to 6 hours |
Serving temperature | بارد أو ساخن |
Main ingredients | بنجر |
|
بورشت Borscht هو حساء من أصل أوكراني[1] مهم في مطابخ الشعوب التي سكنت الكومنولث الپولندي-اللتواني السابق (اليهود الأشكناز، البلاروس، اللتوان، الپولنديين، الأوكران) وجيرانهم (الرومانيين/المولدوڤيين، الروس). في معظم الوصفات التقليدية، يُصنع من جذر البنجر مكوناً رئيسياً.[2][3] وفي بعض المناطق، تُستخدم الطماطم بصفتها العنصر الرئيسي، بينما يصبح البنجر عنصراً ثانوياً. وثمة تنويعات أخرى لا تستخدم البنجر، مثل البورشت الأخضر و البورشت الأبيض.
المكونات والاعداد

مكونات البورشت قد تضم لحم بقري، لحم الخنزير، شحم الخنزير، بنجر، كرنب، جزر، celeriac, بصل، بطاطس، عش الغراب، معجون الطماطم، مقدونس، chives، شبت، ورق الغار، البهارات والفلفل الأسود.
التنويعات
بدون بنجر
انظر أيضاً
الهامش
المراجع

معجون بورشت في أنبوب كـطعام فضائي
- ^ Schultze (2000), pp. 65–66.
- ^ Dal (1863–66), Борщ.
- ^ Pokhlyobkin (2004), p. 83.
المصادر
- Auzias, Dominique; Labourdette, Jean-Paul (2012). Roumanie 2012–2013 [Romania 2012–2013] (in French). Paris: Petit Futé. ISBN 9782746963764.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Artyukh, Lidiya (2006). Tradytsiyna ukrayinska kukhnya v narodnomu kalendari (Традиційна українська кухня в народному календарі) [Traditional Ukrainian cuisine in the folk calendar] (in Ukrainian). Kyyiv: Baltiya-Druk. ISBN 966-8137-24-8.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Invalid|script-title=
: missing prefix (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Artyukh, Lidiya (1977). Ukrayinska narodna kulinariya (Українська народна кулинарія) [Ukrainian folk cuisine] (in Ukrainian). Kyyiv: Naukova dumka.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Invalid|script-title=
: missing prefix (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - "Borscht". Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House. Retrieved 2015-05-20.
- "Borsch". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. Retrieved 2015-05-20.
- Bralczyk, Jerzy (2014). Jeść!!! [Let me eat!] (in Polish). BOSZ. ISBN 978-83-7576-218-1.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Burlakoff, Nikolai (2013). The World of Russian Borsch: Explorations of Memory, People, History, Cookbooks & Recipes. North Charleston, SC: Createspace Independent Pub. ISBN 978-1484027400.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Cookery (Кулинария) [Kulinariya] (in Russian). Moskva: Gostorgizdat. 1955–58. Retrieved 2015-08-02.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|script-title=
: missing prefix (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Christian, David (April 1994). "Classic Russian Cooking: Elena Molokhovets' A Gift to Young Housewives". Russian Review. 53 (2).
{{cite journal}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Czerniecki, Stanisław (1682). Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw [A collection of dishes] (in Polish). Kraków: Drukarnia Jerzego i Mikołaja Schedlów.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Dal, Vladimir (1863–66). Tolkovy slovar zhivogo velikorusskogo yazyka (Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка) [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian). Sankt-Petersburg: Obshchestvo lyubiteley rossiyskoy slovesnosti.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
:|access-date=
requires|url=
(help); Missing or empty|title=
(help)CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Dembińska, Maria (1999). Weaver, William Woys (ed.). Food and Drink in Medieval Poland: Rediscovering a Cuisine of the Past. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-3224-0.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Doroszewski, Witold (1969). "Żur". Słownik Języka Polskiego [Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish). Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Dumanowski, Jarosław. "Barszcz, żur i post" [Borscht, sour rye soup, and fast]. naTemat. Retrieved 2015-06-02.
- Dumanowski, Jarosław. "Klasyczny barszcz: Francuscy mistrzowie o polskiej kuchni" [Classic borscht: French chefs about Polish cuisine]. naTemat. Retrieved 2015-06-02.
- Fertig, Judith M. (2011). Prairie Home Cooking: 400 Recipes that Celebrate the Bountiful Harvests, Creative Cooks, and Comforting Foods of the American Heartland. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 1-55832-144-6.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Gal, A.M. (2003). "Borș". Dicționar gastronomic explicativ [Explanatory culinary dictionary] (in Romanian). Editura Gemma Print.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Gerard, John (1636). Johnson, Thomas (ed.). The Herball Or Generall Historie of Plantes: Very Much Enlarged and Amended by Thomas Johnson Citizen and Apothecarye of London. Vol. 2. Adam Islip Joice Norton and Richard Whitakers.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Gloger, Zygmunt (1900). "Barszcz". Encyklopedja Staropolska [Old Polish Encyclopedia] (in Polish). Vol. Vol. I. Warszawa: P. Laskauer i W. Babicki. pp. 116–117.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
:|volume=
has extra text (help); Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Gołębiowski, Łukasz (1830). Domy i dwory (in Polish). Warszawa: N. Glücksberg.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Guboglo, Mikhail Nikolayevich; Simchenko, Yury Borisovich (1992). Ukraintsy: Istoriko-etnografichesky ocherk traditsionnoy kultury (Украинцы: Историко-этнографический очерк традиционной культуры) [Ukrainians: A historical ethnographic essay of the traditional culture] (in Russian). Moskva: Rossiyskaya akademiya nauk, Institut etnologii i antropologii im. N.N Miklukho-Maklaya.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Invalid|script-title=
: missing prefix (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Gurko, Alexandra V.; Chakvin, Igor V.; Kasperovich, Galina I., eds. (2010). Etnokulturnye protsessy Vostochnogo Polesya v proshlom i nastoyashchem (Этнокультурные процессы Восточного Полесья в прошлом и настоящем) [Ethnocultural processes of Eastern Polesie in the past and present] (in Russian). Institut iskusstvovedeniya, etnografii i folklora imeni K. Krapivy NAN Belarusi. ISBN 978-985-08-1229-2.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Invalid|script-title=
: missing prefix (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Harper, Douglas (ed.). "Borscht". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 2015-05-20.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link) - The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Co. 1901–1906. LCCN 16014703.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - Karbowiak, Antoni (1900). Obiady profesorów Uniw. Jagiellońskiego w XVI. i XVII. wieku (in Polish). Kraków: Tow. Miłośników Historyi i Zabytków Krakowa.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Kuhnlein, Harriet V.; Turner, Nancy J. (1986). "Cow-parsnip (Heracleum lanatum Michx.): an indigenous vegetable of native people of northwestern North America" (PDF). Journal of Ethnobiology. Society of Ethnobiology. 6 (2): 309–324.
{{cite journal}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Kuroń, Maciej (2004). Kuchnia polska: Kuchnia Rzeczypospolitej wielu narodów [Polish cuisine: Cuisine of the Commonwealth of many nations] (in Polish). Czarna Owca. ISBN 83-89763-25-7.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Łozińska, Maja; Łoziński, Jan (2013). Historia polskiego smaku: kuchnia, stół, obyczaje (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. ISBN 978-83-7705-269-3.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Łuczaj, Łukasz (2011). "Dziko rosnące rośliny jadalne użytkowane w Polsce od połowy XIX w. do czasów współczesnych" (PDF). Etnobiologia polska (in Polish). Wojaszówka: Zakład Ekotoksykologii, Zamiejscowy Wydział Biotechnologii, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. 1: 74–75. ISSN 2083-6228.
{{cite journal}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Łuczaj, Łukasz (2012). "Brzozowy sok, "czeremsza" i zielony barszcz – ankieta etnobotaniczna wśród botaników ukraińskich" (PDF). Etnobiologia polska (in Polish). Wojaszówka: Zakład Ekotoksykologii, Zamiejscowy Wydział Biotechnologii, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. 2: 15–22. ISSN 2083-6228.
{{cite journal}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Łuczaj, Łukasz (2013). Dzika kuchnia (in Polish). Warszawa: Nasza Księgarnia. ISBN 978-83-10-12378-7.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Marcin z Urzędowa (1595). Herbarz Polski, to iest o przyrodzeniu zioł y drzew rozmaitych, y innych rzeczy do lekarztw nalezących (in Polish). Kraków: Drukarnia Łazarzowa.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Marks, Gil (2010). "Borscht". Encyclopedia of Jewish Food. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 196–200. ISBN 978-0-470-39130-3.
- Marks, Gil (2010). "Rosl". Encyclopedia of Jewish Food. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 196–200. ISBN 978-0-470-39130-3.
- Meek, James (2008-03-15). "The story of borshch". The Guardian. Retrieved 2015-07-09.
- Молоховец, Елена (1861). Подарок молодым хозяйкам (in Russian). Санкт-Петербург.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) [Abridged English translation: Joyce Stetson Toomre (1998). Classic Russian Cooking: Elena Molokhovets' a Gift to Young Housewives. Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253212108.] - Panek, Kazimierz (1905). Mikroby oraz chemizm kiśnienia barszczu [Microbes and chemistry of borscht fermentation] (in Polish). Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Petrosian, Irina; Underwood, David (2006). Armenian Food: Fact, Fiction & Folklore. Bloomington: Lulu. ISBN 978-1-4116-9865-9.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Pokhlyobkin, Vilyam Vasilyevich (2004). Natsionalnye kukhni nashikh narodov (Национальные кухни наших народов) [National cuisines of our peoples] (PDF) (in Russian). Moskva: Tsentrpoligraf. ISBN 5-9524-0718-8.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Invalid|script-title=
: missing prefix (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Pokorny, Julius (2007). "Bhares-" (PDF). In Starostin, George; Lubotsky, A. (eds.). Proto-Indo-European Etymological Dictionary: A Revised Edition of Julius Pokorny’s Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch. Dnghu Association. p. 312. Retrieved 2015-05-20.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - The Russian Primary Chronicle, Laurentian Text (PDF). Translated and edited by Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor. Cambridge, MA: Mediaeval Academy of America. 1953.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link) - Rennon, Rosemary K. (2007). Language and Travel Guide to Romania. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN 978-0-7818-1150-7.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Rostafiński, Józef (1916). O nazwach i użytku ćwikły, buraków i barszczu (in Polish). Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Rothstein, Halina; Rothstein, Robert A. (1998). "Food in Yiddish and Slavic Folk Culture: A Comparative/Contrastive View". In Greenspoon, Leonard Jay (ed.). Yiddish Language & Culture: Then & Now (pdf). Studies in Jewish Civilization. Vol. 9. Omaha: Creighton University Press. pp. 305–328. ISBN 1-881871-25-8. ISSN 1070-8510.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Rudnyc'kyj, Jaroslav B. (1972). "Borshch (Борщ)". An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language. Vol. Volume I: A–G (А–Ґ). Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences. pp. 179–180. Retrieved 2015-05-20.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
:|volume=
has extra text (help); Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Schultze, Sydney (2000). Culture and Customs of Russia. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-31101-7.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Small, Ernest (2009). Top 100 Food Plants: The World's Most Important Culinary Crops. Knoxville: NRC Research Press. ISBN 978-0-660-19858-3.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Strybel, Robert; Strybel, Maria (2005) [1993]. Polish Heritage Cookery. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN 0-78181124-4.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Syrennius, Simon (1613). Zielnik (in Polish). Cracovia: Drukarnia Bazylego Skalskiego.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Szymanderska, Hanna (2010). Kuchnia polska: Potrawy regionalne (in Polish). Warszawa: Świat Książki. ISBN 978-83-7799-631-7.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- Трубачёв, Олег, ed. (1987). Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian). Vol. 13. Moscow: Nauka; USSR Academy of Sciences.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: External link in
(help); Missing or empty|volume=
|title=
(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Vasmer, Max (1953–58). Russisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Russian etymological dictionary] (in German). Heidelberg.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Missing or empty|title=
(help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Zdanovich, Leonid I. (2014). Bibliya povara ili entsiklopediya sovremennoy kukhni (Библия повара или энциклопедия современной кухни) [Chef's Bible, or Encyclopedia of contemporary cuisine] (in Russian). Noginsk: Osteon-Press. ISBN 978-5-00064-178-1.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help); Invalid|script-title=
: missing prefix (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Żmigrodzki, Piotr. "Biały barszcz". Wielki Słownik Języka Polskiego [Great Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish). Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Żmigrodzki, Piotr. "Dwa grzyby w barszcz". Wielki Słownik Języka Polskiego [Great Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish). Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
الكلمات الدالة:
This article contains content from Wikimedia licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Please comply with the license terms.
تصنيفات:
- Missing redirects
- CS1 errors: script parameters
- CS1: abbreviated year range
- CS1 errors: missing title
- CS1 errors: access-date without URL
- CS1 maint: ref duplicates default
- CS1 errors: unsupported parameter
- CS1 errors: extra text: volume
- CS1 maint: location missing publisher
- CS1 maint: others
- Slavic cuisine
- حساء
- حساء بارد
- المطبخ الأرمني
- المطبخ الأذربيجاني
- Belarusian cuisine
- Lithuanian cuisine
- Polish soups
- Russian soups
- Russian cuisine
- Ukrainian soups
- National dishes
- Vegetable dishes
- National symbols of Ukraine
- تقاليد أوكرانية