تي-64

T-64
T-64BV mod 2017, Kyiv 2021, 16.jpg
A Ukrainian T-64BV model 2017 in 2021
النوعMain battle tank
مكان الأصلSoviet Union
تاريخ الخدمة
في الخدمة1966–present
يستخدمهSee Operators
الحروب
تاريخ الانتاج
المصممKMDB
صممه1951–1962
الصانعMalyshev Factory
أُنتِج1963–1987
No. المُنتج≈13,000
المواصفات (T-64A[2])
الوزن38 طن متري (42 short ton; 37 long ton)
الطول9.225 m (30 ft 3.2 in) (gun forward)
العرض3.415 m (11 ft 2.4 in)
الارتفاع2.172 m (7 ft 1.5 in)
الطاقم3 (driver, commander, gunner)
الدرعGlass-reinforced plastic sandwiched between layers of steel.

ERA plates on later versions

Hull & turret –
370 mm to 440 mm vs APFSDS
500 mm to 575 mm vs HEAT[1]
التدريع
الرئيسي
125 mm smoothbore gun 2A26(M/M-1) (T-64A), 125 mm smoothbore gun D-81T (aka 2A46)
التدريع
الثانوي
7.62 mm PKMT coaxial machine gun, 12.7 mm NSVT anti-aircraft machine gun
المحرك5TDF 5-cylinder diesel 13.6 litre
700 hp (522 kW)
القدرة/الوزن18.4 hp/tonne (13.7 kW/ton)
التعليقTorsion bar
المدى
العملياتي
500 km (310 mi), 700 km (430 mi) with external tanks
السرعة45–60 km/h (28–37 mph) depending on version

تي-64 (بالروسية: Т-64)هي دبابة قتال رئيسية سوفييتية الصنع ،دخلت الخدمة في الجيش السوفييتي عام 1966 وهي أكثر حداثة من الدبابة تي-62.

تزن دبابة دبابة تي-64 نحو 38 طنا وهي مسلحة بمدفع من عيار 125 مم، وقد جهزت بمحرك ديزل بستة إسطوانات يولد قوة 700 حصان.

دبابة تي-64

المشغلون

المشغلون:   CurrentString Module Error: function rep expects a number as second parameter, received "em"   Former

المشغلون الحاليون

  • الكونغو الديمقراطية – 25 to 50 T-64B1M tanks received from Ukraine in 2016.[3][4][5][6]
  • ترانس‌نيستريا Transnistria – 18 T-64BVs are in service.
  • Flag of Russia.svg روسيا – 50 T-64A/BVs in active service, 449 T-64s in store. Approximately 4,000 were inherited from the Soviet Union. In 2014, Russia had approximately 2,000 which it had phased out of service and believed to be slated for destruction,[7] according to NATO[8] and the United States Department of State.[9] T-64As and T-64BVs, including Zr. 2017 variants, have been used by pro-Russian forces in the invasion of Ukraine.[10][11]
  • Flag of Ukraine.svg أوكرانيا – 2,345 were in service as of 1995,[12] 2,250 as of 2000,[13] 2,215 as of 2005,[14] 1,667 as of 2010,[15] 700 T-64BV and T-64BM Bulat in service and 650 T-64 in storage as of 2015.[16] By August 2019, Ukraine's Kharkiv Armoured-Vehicle Factory (KhBTZ) had upgraded over 150 T-64BV to the new Model 2017 standard, and the Lviv Armoured -Vehicle Factory (LBTZ) had started delivering this model as well.[17] In 2020, Ukraine had over 720 T-64BV 2017, T-64BM Bulat and T-64BV in service, and 578 T-64 in storage.[18] During the 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some older T-64As and T-64Bs have also been spotted.[19]
  • أوزبكستان أوزبكستان – 100 in service as of 2017.[21]

المشغلون السابقون

المواصفات (T-64BV)

T-64BV

الأبعاد

  • Length (gun to the front): 9.225 m[27]
  • Length (without the gun): 6.54 m
  • Breadth: 3.6 m[27]
  • Height: 2.17 m[27]
  • Weight: 42.5 t[27]

الطاقم

ثلاث أفراد:

  • commander
  • driver
  • gunner

الدفع

  • Engine: 5TDF multifuel (diesel, kerosene and petrol) with 5 opposed cylinders, 10 piston, 13.6 L. Developing 700 hp (515 kW) at 2,800 rpm, consumption of 170 to 200 litres per 100 km.
  • Transmission: two lateral gearboxes with seven forward and one backward gear.
  • Three internal tanks for a 740 litres fuel capacity, two on the mudguards with 140 litres and two droppable 200 litres tanks on the aft end of the chassis.

الأداء

  • Max. road speed: 60.5 km/h.
  • Max off-road speed: 35 km/h.
  • Power-to-weight ratio: 16.2 hp/t (11.9 kW/t).
  • Range: 500 km, 700 km with additional tanks.
  • Ground pressure: 0.9 kgf/cm2 (88 kPa, 12.8 psi).
  • Able to ford in 1.8 m of water without preparation and 5 m with snorkels.
  • Crosses a 2.8 m wide trench.
  • Crosses a 0.8 m high obstacle.
  • Max. slope 30°.

التدريع

  • 125 mm smoothbore 2A46M-1 gun (D-81TM) with carousel 6ETs40 loader, 28 shots, fire rate 8 shots per minute, 36 embedded shots (8 x 9M112M "Kobra" (NATO code "AT-8 Songster"), 28 shells). Available shells are all fin-stabilised:
    • anti-personnel (APERS) version of the 3UOF-36, 3OVF-22, with several perforating abilities.
    • armour-piercing shells (APFSDS) 3UBM-17 or 3UBM-19 or older ones with a supplementary charge giving them an initial speed of about 1800 m/s.
    • hollow charge shells, 3VUK-25 or 3UBK-21.
  • coaxial machine gun 7.62 mm PKT with 1,250 rounds.
  • remote-controlled air-defence machine gun 12.7 mm NSVT "Utyos" with 300 rounds.
  • 4+4 (T-64B) or 6+6 (T-64A) 81 mm smoke mortars 902B "Tucha-2".

المعدات

  • The 1A33 fire control system, with:
    • Radio control of the 9K112 "Kobra" missiles (NATO code "AT-8 Songster") launched from the gun.
    • The 2E28M hydraulic stabiliser (vertical range −5°20' to +15°15')
    • The gunner day sight 1G42 with embedded laser telemeter.
    • The TPN-1-49-23 active IR night sight.
    • The L2G IR projector left of the gun for illumination.
    • The 1V517 ballistic calculator.
    • The 1B11 anemometric gauge.
  • The tank commander's cupola is equipped with:
    • The PKN-4S combined day and night sight which allows a 360° vision and to fire the main weapons.
    • The PZU-6 AA sight.
    • The 2Z20 2-axis electrical stabiliser (vertical range −3° to +70°).
  • The TPN-3-49 or TPN-4 and TVN-4 night vision for the driver.
  • An R-173M radio.
  • A CBRN protection, with radiation detectors and global compartment overpressure.
  • Two snorkels for crossing rivers with a depth up to 5 m.
  • A KMT-6 mine clearing plough can be fitted at the front.

الحماية

  • 3-layer composite armour (K formula), with a thickness between 450 and 20 mm:
    • Front: 120 mm steel, 105 mm glass fibre, 40 mm steel.
    • Sides: 80 mm steel.
    • Front of the turret: 150 mm steel, 150 mm glass fibre, 40 mm steel
  • Lateral rubber skirts protecting the top of the suspension.
  • Kontakt-1 reactive bricks covering:
    • The front and the side of the turret
    • The glacis
    • The lateral skirts

انظر أيضاً

الهامش

  1. ^ Soviet Tank Programs Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine page 12 published by the CIA under the Freedom of Information Act
  2. ^ T-64A Main Battle Tank Archived 2015-02-09 at the Wayback Machine Kharkiv Morozov Machine Building
  3. ^ "Ukrainian T-64B1M Tanks In DR Congo".
  4. ^ "DRC reportedly receiving T-64 tanks". Defence Web. 20 February 2014. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  5. ^ Binnie, Jeremy (1 August 2017). "T-64 tank delivery to DRC confirmed". IHS Jane's 360. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  6. ^ "Congolese T-64BV1 MBTs remain to be delivered". armyrecognition. 19 July 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  7. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة reuters-20140614
  8. ^ "NATO Releases Imagery: Raises Questions on Russia's Role in Providing Tanks to Ukraine". SHAPE Public Affairs Office. 14 June 2014. Archived from the original on 2 February 2016. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
  9. ^ "Daily Press Briefing: June 20, 2014". U.S. Department of State. 20 June 2014. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
  10. ^ Oryx. "Attack On Europe: Documenting Russian Equipment Losses During The 2022 Russian Invasion Of Ukraine". Oryx. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
  11. ^ "Attack On Europe: Documenting Ukrainian Equipment Losses During The 2022 Russian Invasion Of Ukraine". Oryx Blog. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  12. ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (1995). The Military Balance 1995-1996 (in الإنجليزية). Oxford University Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-19-828055-2.
  13. ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (2000). The Military Balance 2000. 2001 (in الإنجليزية). Oxford University Press. pp. 105–106. ISBN 978-0-19-929003-1.
  14. ^ Langton, Christopher (20 October 2005). The Military Balance 2005-2006 (in الإنجليزية). Routledge. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-415-37393-7.
  15. ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (2010). The Military Balance 2010 (in الإنجليزية). Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 195–196. ISBN 978-1-85743-557-3.
  16. ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (11 February 2015). The Military Balance 2015 (in الإنجليزية). Routledge. p. 200. ISBN 978-1-85743-766-9.
  17. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة defence-ua1
  18. ^ "The Military Balance 2020". IISS (in الإنجليزية). Routledge: 212. doi:10.1080/04597222.2020.1707966. S2CID 219627993. Retrieved 2020-03-21.
  19. ^ "Attack on Europe: Documenting Ukrainian Equipment Losses During the 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine".
  20. ^ أ ب "The Military Balance 2017, page 231". iiss.org. Archived from the original on 4 November 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
  21. ^ "The Military Balance 2017, page 232". iiss.org. Archived from the original on 4 November 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
  22. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة undoc
  23. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة hrw
  24. ^ Institute for Strategic Studies (1989). The military balance, 1989-1990. London: Brassey's. p. 34. ISBN 978-0080375694.
  25. ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (February 1995). The Military Balance 1994-1995 (in الإنجليزية). Brassey's. p. 82. ISBN 978-1-85753-115-2.
  26. ^ Vladimir Tretyakov (25 February 2013). "Сухопутные войска курс молодого бойца" [Ground Forces Course for Young Fighter] (in الروسية). Archived from the original on 25 January 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  27. ^ أ ب ت ث T-64BV Main Battle Tank Archived 2015-02-09 at the Wayback Machine at KMDB.

المصادر

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Post WWII Soviet AFVS قالب:ModernUKRAFVsNav

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