جمع طوابع البريد
جمع طوابع البريد من أكثر الهوايات انتشارا في العالم و هى هواية تثقيفية تؤدى إلى أهتمام أصحابها بالتطورات التاريخية للبلد الذي يجمعوا طوابعها
البدايات الأولى
بدأت الهواية مع أصدار أول طابغ بريد في بريطانيا عام 1840 ، و كان يحمل صورة الملكة فكتوريا و يسمى بني بلاك beeny black و لونه أسود, مما دفع كثير من الناس لشرائة و الأحتفاظ به. و مع مرور الزمن انتشرت الهواية بصورة كبيرة و بدأ تجار الطوابع بأصدار الكتيبات و الألبومات مما جعل الهواية تنال شعبية كبيرة,
النمو
أقيم أول معرض للطوابع في بروكسل عام 1852 ثم توالت المعارض بعد ذلك ثم تم تأسيس جمعيات كثيرة لهواة جمع الطوابع في كثير من الدول في مقدمتها بريطانيا عام 1869 ثم بعد ذلك في فرنسا و ألمانيا و بلجيكا
طوابع من الذهب
هناك بعض الدول تصدر طوابع مطبوعة علي مواد غير الورق كصفائح الألومنيوم الرقيقة, و كانت أول دولة تقوم بذلك هي هنجاريافي عام 1955 عندما أصدرت مجموعة من الطوابع علي زرق الألومنيوم بمناسبة مرور عشرين عاما على إدخال صناعة الألومنيوم فيها, و أصدرت دولة قطر عان 1966 طوابع من ورق الذهب و الفضة الرقيقة, و قامت أيضا دول مثل جرينادا و بوتان بإصدار طوابع من الحرير لتخليد بعض المناسبات الوطنية
معدات
A few basic items of equipment are recommended for proper stamp collection. Stamp tongs help to handle stamps safely, a magnifying glass helps in viewing fine details and an album is a convenient way to store stamps. The stamps need to be attached to the pages of the album in some way, and stamp hinges are a cheap and simple way to do this. However, hinging stamps can damage them, thus reducing their value; today many collectors prefer more expensive hingeless mounts. Issued in various sizes, these are clear, chemically neutral thin plastic holders that open to receive stamps and are gummed on the back so that they stick to album pages. Another alternative is a stockbook, where the stamps drop into clear pockets without the need for a mount. Stamps should be stored away from light, heat and moisture or they will be damaged.
Stamps can be displayed according to the collector's wishes, by country, topic, or even by size, which can create a display pleasing to the eye. There are no rules and it is entirely a matter for the individual collector to decide. Albums can be commercially purchased, downloaded or created by the collector. In the latter cases, using acid free paper provides better long-term stamp protection.
Stamp tongs with rounded tips help to prevent damage to stamps from skin oils and rough handling.
Clockwise from top left: hinge-mounted stamp, stamp about to be hinge-mounted, stamp damaged by a hinge, stamp hinges
Making stamp mounts at home by hand
Perforation gauge. Also known as an odontometer.
A stockbook with clear plastic pockets is one of the safest ways to store stamps. Some collectors prefer a traditional stamp album.
Pre-printed stamp album with United States country pages affixed
Custom printed loose-left album page displaying stamps postmarked in Prague
احذر التزييف
تحدث بعض عمليات التزييف للطوابع النادرة حيث تغري أسعارها المرتفعه بالكسب غير المشروع, و هناك بعض الجهات التى تقوم بدراسة الطوابع المقدمة لها و فحصها مقابل أتعاب تساوي نسبة معينة من قيمة الطابع, و من أشهر هذه الجهات الجهات الملكية لهواة الطوابع بلندن.
Rare stamps
Rare stamps are often old and many have interesting stories attached to them. Some include:
- British Guiana 1c magenta is the world's most famous and valuable rare stamp.
- Canada 12d Penny Black
- Canada 2c Large Queen on laid paper
- Hawaiian Missionary Issue
- United States "Inverted Jenny" (which is actually a printing error)
- United States "1-cent Z grill"
- United States One Dollar Trans-Mississippi Issue "Cattle in the Storm" – widely considered to be America's Most Beautiful Stamp
- The Three-Skilling Yellow of Sweden was sold for CHF 2.88 million (then about $2,300,000) in 1996 and again for an undisclosed amount in 2010.[1]
- Mauritius "Post Office" issue. David Feldman sold a Blue Mauritius stamp for CHF 1,610,000 (approx. $1.1 million) in 1993.[2] An orange stamp was sold for CHF 1,725,000 (approx $1.2 million) in 1993.[2]
- British Penny Red plate 77
Early stamps of the United States are known as classics. Collectors are able to establish the exact position of a stamp on the original sheet of 200 stamps. Rare stamps are often expertized.[3]
Catalogues
Stamp catalogues are the primary tool used by serious collectors to organize their collections, and for the identification and valuation of stamps. Most stamp shops have stamp catalogues available for purchase. A few catalogues are offered online, either free or for a fee. There are hundreds of different catalogues, most specializing in particular countries or periods. Collector clubs tend to provide free catalogues to their members.
Notable collectors
The stamp collection assembled by French-Austrian aristocrat Philipp von Ferrary (1850–1917) at the beginning of the 20th century is widely considered the most complete stamp collection ever formed (or likely to be formed). It included, for example, all of the rare stamps described above that had been issued by 1917. However, as Ferrary was an Austrian citizen, the collection was broken up and sold by the French government after the First World War, as war reparations.
The Tapling Collection of postage stamps was donated to the British Museum from the estate of Thomas Tapling in 1891. It currently forms the Tapling Collection in the Philatelic Collections of the British Library.[4]
Several European monarchs were keen stamp collectors, including King George V of the United Kingdom and King Carol II of Romania. King George V possessed one of the most valuable stamp collections in the world and became President of the Royal Philatelic Society. His collection was passed on to Queen Elizabeth II who, while not a serious philatelist, has a collection of British and Commonwealth first day covers which she started in 1952.[5]
U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt was a stamp collector; he designed several American commemorative stamps during his term.[6] Late in life Ayn Rand renewed her childhood interest in stamps and became an enthusiastic collector.[7] Several entertainment and sport personalities have been known to be collectors. Freddie Mercury, lead singer of the band Queen, collected stamps as a child. His childhood stamp album is in the collection of the British Postal Museum & Archive.[8] John Lennon of The Beatles was a childhood stamp collector. His stamp album is held by the National Postal Museum.[9]
Former world chess champion Anatoly Karpov has amassed a huge stamp collection over the decades, led by stamps from Belgium and Belgian Congo, that has been estimated to be worth $15 million.[10]
Stamp societies
- American Philatelic Society
- Baltimore Philatelic Society
- Chicago Philatelic Society
- Hawaiian Philatelic Society
- New Haven Philatelic Society
- Polonus Philatelic Society
- Sacramento Philatelic Society
- U.S. Philatelic Classics Society
انظر أيضاً
المراجع
- ^ "Rare stamp sells for record price in Geneva auction". BBC News. 22 May 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ أ ب Feldman, David (1993), Prices Realised for Public Auction November 1-6 November 1993, Prces Realised, Zurich: David Feldman, p. 1
- ^ A Sharp Eye on collecting US Classics (Sharp Photography Publications, 2021) قالب:ASIN (read online)
- ^ ""Philatelic Collections: The Tapling Collection", British Library". Archived from the original on 18 September 2012. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
- ^ Courtney, Nicholas. The Queen's Stamps – The Authorised History of the Royal Philatelic Collection. London: Methuen, 2004, p.303. ISBN 0-413-77228-4
- ^ "FDR–Stamp Collecting President". National Postal Museum. Archived from the original on 11 July 2010. Retrieved 7 February 2010.
- ^ "Why I Like Stamp Collecting", Minkus Stamp Journal, 1971 [1] Archived 3 أغسطس 2012 at archive.today, cf. "The new Ayn Rand companion", Mimi Reisel Gladstein, p. 130, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999, ISBN 0-313-30321-5
- ^ "Famous Philatelists". The British Postal Museum & Archive. Retrieved 24 July 2009.
- ^ "John Lennon – The Lost Album". National Postal Museum. Retrieved 24 July 2009.
- ^ Anatoly Karpov Belgian stamp collection offered at David Feldman Archived 11 أبريل 2016 at the Wayback Machine, justcollecting.com, 2015.
مصادر
- مجلة العريي الكويتية عدد نوفمبر 1998
- Cabeen, Richard McP. (1979). Standard Handbook of Stamp Collecting. Chicago: Collectors Club of Chicago. ISBN 0-690-01773-1.
- Nankivell, Edward J. (2007). Stamp Collecting as a Pastime: Stanley Gibbons Philatelic Handbooks (1902). UK: Dodo Press. ISBN 978-1-4065-3058-2. Free download here.
للاستزادة
- Klug, Janet. Guide to Stamp Collecting. Smithsonian/Collins. ISBN 0061341398 (Children's/Young Adult)
- Watson, James. How to start Stamp Collecting. London; Stanley Gibbons. ISBN 0852596170 (Adult beginner)
- Phillips, Stanley. Stamp Collecting: A guide to modern philately. Revised edition. London: Stanley Gibbons, 1983. ISBN 0-85259-047-4 (Adult beginner, more detailed but a little out of date)
External links
- LearnAboutStamps.com A resource for stamp collectors
- Stamp Community A stamp collector forum
- Caring for stamps and postal history British Postal Museum & Archive Information Sheet
- Philatelic Dictionary English – German – French
- StampNews.com Provides updates on new stamp issues and stamp collecting from around the world.
- Stamp Story, a 1955 information film about stamp collecting.