جورج‌تاون، غيانا

Coordinates: 06°48′04″N 58°09′18″W / 6.80111°N 58.15500°W / 6.80111; -58.15500
لأماكن أخرى بنفس الاسم، انظر جورج‌تاون (توضيح) (توضيح).
جورج‌تاون
مدينة جورج‌تاون
City of Georgetown
Guyana Parliament Building
CARICOM Headquarters
Central Vaidik Mandir
Georgetown Overview
صورة لجورج‌تاون من سوق ستابرويك
علم جورج‌تاون
Flag
الختم الرسمي لـ جورج‌تاون
الشعار
الكنية: 
حديقة الكاريبي
جورج‌تاون is located in گويانا
جورج‌تاون
جورج‌تاون
موقع جورج‌تاون في گويانا
جورج‌تاون is located in أمريكا الجنوبية
جورج‌تاون
جورج‌تاون
جورج‌تاون (أمريكا الجنوبية)
الإحداثيات: 06°48′04″N 58°09′18″W / 6.80111°N 58.15500°W / 6.80111; -58.15500
البلدFlag of Guyana.svg گويانا
المنطقةDemerara-Mahaica
سُمِّيَت29 أبريل 1812
الحكومة
 • النوعالعمدة-المجلس
 • العمدةألفرد مونتورى
المساحة
 • الإجمالي70 كم² (30 ميل²)
المنسوب
0 m (0 ft)
التعداد
 (2012)[1]
 • الإجمالي118٬363
 • الكثافة1٬700/km2 (4٬400/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيتUTC-04:00 (GYT)
ClimateAf

جورج تاون Georgetown هي عاصمة وأكبر مدن گويانا. وتقع في منطقة ديميرارا-ماهايكا، المنطقة رقم 4، على ساحل المحيط الأطلسي، على مصب نهر ديميرارا. وكنيتها "المدينة الحديقة للكاريبي". It is the retail, administrative, and financial services centre of the country, and the city accounts for a large portion of Guyana's GDP. The city recorded a population of 118,363 في تعداد 2012.

All executive departments of Guyana's government are located in the city, including Parliament Building, Guyana's Legislative Building and the Court of Appeals, Guyana's highest judicial court. The State House (the official residence of the head of state), as well as the offices and residence of the head of government, are both located in the city. The Secretariat of the international organization known as the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), with 15 member-states and five associate partners, is also based in Georgetown.

Georgetown is also known for its British and Dutch colonial influenced architecture, including the tall painted-timber St. George's Cathedral and the iconic Stabroek Market.[1]

التاريخ

View of the Kingston section of Georgetown في القرن التاسع عشر

بدات جورج تاون كبلده صغيره في القرن الثامن عشر، وقد كانت عاصمة لمستعمرة ديميرارا كانت مستعمرة هولندية في جنوب أفريقيا التي تقع على جزيرة بروسلين في نهر ديميرارا. وكانت واقعة نحت السيطرة الهولندية. وعندما تم الاستيلاء عليها من قبل بريطانيا في عام 1781، اختار الكولونيل روبرت كينگستون مصب نهر ديميرارا ليكون موقعاً للمدينة التي تقع بين المزارع.

كان الفرنسيون أول من طور تلك المدينة وجعلوها عاصمةً لهم عندما استولوا عليه في عام 1782 وأطلقوا عليها اسم لانوفيل فيل. ووضعوا فيها لوائح قوية لأبنية القطاع الخاص لحمايتها من الفيضانات والحرائق. وشكلت المباني اللبنة الأولى للمدينة والمطابخ حيث جعلوهما بجانب بعضها البعض وقد كان من المستحيل بنائها من القش. ويعد طريق بركدام هو أول طريق ممهد بناه الفرنسيين في المدينة.

عندما تم السيطرة عليها من قبل هولندا عام 1784، تم إعادة تسميتها إلى اسم ستابروك بعد نيكولاس جيلفينك (1732-1787) عمدة ستابروك ورئيس شركة الهند الغربية الهولندية. في نهاية المطاف توسعت المدينة وغطت العديد من الأراضي في الشمال والجنوب.

حصلت المدينة على اسم جورج تاون في 29 نيسان 1812 تكريماً للملك جورج الثالث. في الخامس من مايو عام 1812, وقد صدر مرسوم يؤكد ويدعم تغيير الاسم

و كان المرسوم شريطة أن تحتفظ بعض المناطق بأسمائها. أشرف على المدينة لجنة يتم اختيارها من قبل الحاكم والمحكمة السياسية. أما الميزانية والنفقات فقد كانت معدة من قبل.

الجغرافيا

View of Georgetown from over the Atlantic Ocean

Georgetown is located on Guyana's Atlantic coast on the east bank of Demerara River estuary. The terrain in this part of the country where the city is located is flat coastal plains. The city is surrounded by a blanket of cane fields along with marshy swamps, and savannah lands on its east and south. The elevation of the land is one metre below the high tide level.[بحاجة لمصدر] This low elevation is protected by a retaining wall known as the seawall to keep the ocean out and an innovative network of canals with kokers to drain the city of excess water.[بحاجة لمصدر]

المناخ

بيانات المناخ لـ جورج‌تاون
الشهر ينا فب مار أبر ماي يون يول أغس سبت أكت نوف ديس السنة
متوسط القصوى اليومية °س (°ف) 28.6
(83.5) 		28.9
(84.0) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.5
(85.1) 		29.4
(84.9) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.6
(85.3) 		30.2
(86.4) 		30.8
(87.4) 		30.8
(87.4) 		30.2
(86.4) 		29.1
(84.4) 		29.6
(85.3)
المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) 26.1
(79.0) 		26.4
(79.5) 		26.7
(80.1) 		27.0
(80.6) 		26.8
(80.2) 		26.5
(79.7) 		26.6
(79.9) 		27.0
(80.6) 		27.5
(81.5) 		27.6
(81.7) 		27.2
(81.0) 		26.4
(79.5) 		26.8
(80.3)
متوسط الدنيا اليومية °س (°ف) 23.6
(74.5) 		23.9
(75.0) 		24.2
(75.6) 		24.4
(75.9) 		24.3
(75.7) 		23.8
(74.8) 		23.5
(74.3) 		23.8
(74.8) 		24.2
(75.6) 		24.4
(75.9) 		24.2
(75.6) 		23.8
(74.8) 		24.0
(75.2)
متوسط تساقط الأمطار mm (inches) 185.2
(7.29) 		88.5
(3.48) 		111.0
(4.37) 		140.5
(5.53) 		285.5
(11.24) 		327.7
(12.90) 		268.0
(10.55) 		201.4
(7.93) 		97.5
(3.84) 		107.2
(4.22) 		185.9
(7.32) 		261.9
(10.31) 		2٬260٫3
(88.98)
Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) 16 10 10 12 19 23 21 15 9 9 12 18 174
Mean monthly ساعات سطوع الشمس 201.5 211.8 220.1 198.0 179.8 156.0 201.5 232.5 231.0 235.6 210.0 186.0 2٬463٫8
[بحاجة لمصدر]

العاصمة

البرلمان
المحاكم


الاقتصاد

مقر إكسون موبل في جورج‌تاون، غيانا
سفينة شحن مربوطة في ميناء تعدين البوكسايت في ليندن، گويانا، في أغسطس 2025.


النقل

الجوي

The Cheddi Jagan International Airport (formerly Timehri Airport) acts as the major air transportation hub for the city, which is located on the right bank of the Demerara River, 41 kilometres south of Georgetown. Closer to the city is Eugene F. Correia International Airport (formerly Ogle Airport), with a terminal facility geared to handle regional, international and inter-Caricom flights, connecting CARICOM states with the CARICOM Secretariat. Helicopters also use this airport for the support of offshore oil and gas exploration activities.

البري

The four-lane East Coast Highway was completed in 2005.[بحاجة لمصدر]

Georgetown is served by private buses.[3] There is a regular coach service between Georgetown and Boa Vista in Brazil. The Demerara Harbour Bridge is a major crossing point. Taxi service is available almost everywhere along the coast including in large numbers in Georgetown.

المائي

Georgetown also is home to a seaport. The Demerara River is navigable by oceangoing vessels up to roughly 100 km upriver.[4]

السياسة

الفنون المسرحية

National Cultural Centre auditorium

Georgetown's theatre scene is dominantly concentrated on the stages of the National Cultural Centre. Plays are also staged at the theatre guild of Guyana. This is the oldest theatrical performance facility in Guyana. It was opened in 1957 and restored in 2007.

مناطق مهمة

St. George's Anglican Cathedral

Georgetown is laid out in a north–south, east–west grid, interlaced with canals protected by kokers (sluices), built by the Dutch and later the British that provide drainage to a city that lies 0.91 m (3 ft) below high-tide level. A long seawall helps prevent flooding. The city has numerous boulevards and contains many wooden colonial buildings and markets.

Most of the main buildings are centred around the western region of the town. Around the western-central area is Independence Square and Promenade Gardens, the Walter Roth Museum of Anthropology, the National Library (built by Andrew Carnegie), the Bank of Guyana, Company Path Garden, the National Museum of Guyana and State House (built 1852) where the president resides, St. George's Anglican Cathedral and the Red House.

The Georgetown Cenotaph, at Main and Church Streets, was built in 1923. It is the site of Remembrance Day (Remembrance Sunday) services in November each year.

To the south of this region is where the neo-Gothic City Hall (1889) is to be found, as well as the Victoria Law Courts (1887), the Parliament Building (1829–1834), the large Stabroek Market (1792) containing the prominent cast-iron clock tower that dominates the city sky line, the Roman Catholic Brickdam Cathedral, City Engineer House, the Magistrate's Court, St. Andrew's Kirk (1818) and Independence Arch.

The northern area of the city near the Atlantic coast contains Splashmins Fun Park, Fort William Frederick, a park and the Umana Yana, a conical thatched building built by Wai-Wai Amerindians using traditional techniques. It was built for the 1972 Non-Aligned Foreign Ministers Conference. The Umana Yana burnt down in 2010 but was rebuilt in 2016.[5] The Georgetown Lighthouse is a famous landmark.

The Guyana National Park is an urban park in the city. More inland, surrounded by residential neighbourhoods are the Guyana Zoo, Botanical Gardens and Castellani House. The Botanical Garden, in addition to a variety of plants, also features a manatee pond, as well as other enclosures housing felines such as jaguars, lynxes, or bobcats.[6] The city's suburbs are also home to the Museum of African Heritage located in Bel Air Park.[7]

Among these key points of interest is Texila American University – Guyana Campus, located in Providence just outside the city. The university offers top-tier programs in medicine, public health and management attracting students from across the Caribbean and beyond.

مناطق جورجتاون

أحياء المدينة

Colonial residence in Georgetown

السكان

Georgetown recorded a population of 118,363 in the 2012 Guyanese census, down 12 percent from the 134,497 people counted in the 2002 census.[1] In 2002, about 70,962 (53%) listed themselves as Black/African; 31,902 (24%) as mixed; 26,542 (20%) as East Indian; 1,441 (1.1%) as Amerindian; 1,075 (0.8%) as Portuguese; 475 (0.35%) as Chinese; 2,265 (1.7%) as "don't know/not stated"; 196 (0.15%) as white not of Portuguese descent; 35 as "other".[8]

الضواحي

Providence Stadium hosted several 2007 Cricket World Cup, replacing Bourda as the national stadium and test venue
The International Conference Centre

السفر

السياحة

المرافق

Power is supplied by the state-owned and controlled Guyana Power and Light. Water supply and sanitation in Guyana is handled by state-owned Guyana Water Incorporated.

انظر أيضاً: الاتصالات في گويانا

مشاهير جورج‌تاون

الرياضة

المدن الشقيقة

جورج‌تاون متوأمة مع:

المصادر

  1. ^ أ ب ت Guyana Population and Housing Census 2012: Preliminary Report. Bureau of Statistics, Guyana. June 2014. p. 23. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://statisticsguyana.gov.gy/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/2012_Preliminary_Report.pdf. Retrieved on 23 May 2016. 
  2. ^ "Climatological Information for Georgetown, Guyana". Retrieved 30 December 2011.
  3. ^ "Georgetown to Lethem operator now running 25 buses". Stabroek News (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 2014-12-30. Retrieved 2021-03-13.
  4. ^ "Guyana – The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 7 January 2021. Retrieved 2021-03-13.
  5. ^ Gxmedia (29 April 2019). "Umana Yana is standing strong and continues to be one of Georgetown's most scenic attraction". Things Guyana. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
  6. ^ "The Top 9 Best Things To Do In Georgetown, Guyana – Travel Guide". Travel Guides Genius. Team. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  7. ^ Peretz, Jeremy Jacob (19 June 2018). "Inherited "Ancestors' Collections" of a Devoted Curator: The Museum of African Heritage in Georgetown, Guyana". Karib: Nordic Journal for Caribbean Studies. 4 (1): 1–20. doi:10.16993/karib.39.
  8. ^ "Bureau of Statistics – Guyana". Statisticsguyana.gov.gy. Archived from the original on 6 April 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
  9. ^ "Who, really, is President David Granger?". Guyana Chronicle. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  10. ^ "Suchitra Mattai: Myth from Matter". NMWA (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  11. ^ "Marissa Nadir, TUF are the new order". Guyana Chronicle. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  12. ^ "Julian Austin". Olympic Canada. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  13. ^ "Lance Gibbs". espn cricinfo. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  14. ^ "Roger Harper". espn cricinfo. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  15. ^ "Carl Hooper". espn cricinfo. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  16. ^ "Sir Clive Lloyd". espn cricinfo. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  17. ^ "Sister Cities International Membership Directory". sistercities.org. Sister Cities International. Retrieved 27 February 2025. Guyana [..] Georgetown [..] St. Louis, MO
  18. ^ "City of Port of Spain - Listing of Twinning Cities". cityofportofspain.gov.tt. Archived from the original on 4 November 2020. International Cities that are twinned with the Capital City of Port of Spain, Trinidad include: [..] Guyana Georgetown, Guyana

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Settlements in Guyana

?
تمّ الاسترجاع من "https://www.marefa.org/w/index.php?title=جورج‌تاون،_غيانا&oldid=4163227"