شامبيري
شامبيري
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.JPG&filetimestamp=20250715043737&)   .JPG&filetimestamp=20250715043736&) .JPG&filetimestamp=20250715043736&)  من أعلى لأسفل، ومن اليسار لليمين: پانوراما شامبيري مع سلسلة الجبال Belledonne في الخلفية، قصر سان-ليجيه في البلدة القديمة، قلعة دوقات ساڤوا، منظر بانورامي من سطوح المركز التاريخي لشامبيري، و Place du Centenaire ومحكمة شامبيري. | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of شامبيري  | |
  شامبيري  شامبيري | |
| الإحداثيات: 45°34′12″N 5°54′42″E / 45.57°N 5.9118°E | |
| البلد | فرنسا |
| المنطقة | أوڤرن-رون-ألپ |
| الإقليم | ساڤوا |
| الدائرة | Chambéry |
| الكانتون | شامبيري-1 و 2 و 3 |
| بينالتجمعات | شامبيري الكبرى |
| الحكومة | |
| • العمدة (2020–2026) | Thierry Repentin[1] (DVG) |
| المساحة 1 | 20٫99 كم² (8٫10 ميل²) |
| • الحضر | 327٫5 كم² (126٫4 ميل²) |
| • العمران | 1٬147 كم² (443 ميل²) |
| التعداد (يناير 2019) | 58٬917 |
| • الترتيب | 94th in France |
| • الكثافة | 2٬800/km2 (7٬300/sq mi) |
| • Urban (2022[2]) | 200٬867 |
| • الكثافة الحضرية | 610/km2 (1٬600/sq mi) |
| • العمرانية (2022[2]) | 263٬919 |
| • الكثافة العمرانية | 230/km2 (600/sq mi) |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/الرمز البريدي | 73065 /73000 |
| المنسوب | 245–560 m (804–1،837 ft) (avg. 270 m أو 890 ft) |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | www |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
شامبيري Chambéry هي عاصمة قسم ساڤوا, فرنسا، وlargest city of the Savoie department in the southeastern Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France.
تعداد بلدية شامبيري كان 60,251 نسمة في 2022، while the population of the Chambéry metropolitan area was 263,919.[2] تقع الميدنة على سفح الألپ الفرنسية بين جبال Bauges و Chartreuse، وهي مفرق سكك حديدية وطرق.
كانت العاصمة التاريخية لمنطقة ساڤوي منذ القرن 13، عندما اتخذها أماديوس الخامس، كونت ساڤوا مقراً لحكمه. ضم ساڤوا دمج المدينة في فرنسا في 1860. Together with other alpine towns Chambéry engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Chambéry was awarded Alpine Town of the Year 2006.
الجغرافيا
Chambéry was founded at a crossroads of ancient routes through the Dauphiné (Dôfenâ) region of France, Switzerland, and Italy, in a wide valley between the Bauges and the Chartreuse Mountains on the Leysse River. The metropolitan area has more than 125,000 residents, extending from the vineyard slopes of the fr:Combe de Savoie almost to the shores of the Lac du Bourget, the largest natural lake in France. The city is a major railway hub at the midpoint of the Franco-Italian Turin–Lyon high-speed railway (TGV).
تقع شامبيري في جنوب شرق فرنسا، على بعد 523 كم من پاريس، 326 كم من مارسيليا، 214 كم من تورين، 100 كم من ليون و 85 كم من جنيڤ. It is found in a large valley, surrounded by the Massif des Bauges to the east (dominated by Le Nivolet, upon which La Croix du Nivolet is found), Mont Granier (Chartreuse) and the Chaîne de Belledonne to the south, the Chaîne de l'Épine (the most southern mountain of the Jura) to the west and the Lac du Bourget to the north. If seen كنقطة التقاء الجورا والألپ وهي النقطة القصوى غرباً للهضبة السويسرية الواقعة بينهم.
The towns surrounding Chambéry are Barberaz, Bassens, Cognin, Jacob-Bellecombette, La Motte-Servolex, La Ravoire, Saint-Alban-Leysse and Sonnaz.
التاريخ
The history of Chambéry is closely linked to the House of Savoy and was the Savoyard capital from 1295 to 1563. During this time, Savoy encompassed a region that stretched from Bourg-en-Bresse in the west, across the Alps to Turin, north to Geneva, and south to Nice. Chambéry declined after Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy moved his capital to Turin in 1563.[3]
France annexed the regions that formerly constituted the Duchy of Savoy west of the Alps in 1792; however, the former duchy and Chambéry were returned to the rulers of the House of Savoy in Turin in 1815 following the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte. The need for urban revitalization was met by the establishment of the Société Académique de Savoie in 1820, which was devoted to material and ethical progress, now housed in an apartment of the ducal château. Chambéry and lands of the former duchy, as well as the County of Nice, were ceded to France by Piedmont in 1860, under the reign of Napoleon III.[4] The Hôtel de Ville was officially opened in 1867.[5]
Chambéry in 1645.
Around 1780.
In 1864.
المناخ
Chambéry is right on the boundary between the humid subtropical (Cfa) and oceanic climates (Cfb) under the Köppen system. In spite of this it is highly influenced by its interior position within France, resulting in quite hot summers and winters with frequent temperatures below freezing, especially at night. Convective rainfall is frequent for much of the year, rendering high precipitation/day quotas.
| بيانات المناخ لـ مطار شامبيري (متوسطات 1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | ينا | فب | مار | أبر | ماي | يون | يول | أغس | سبت | أكت | نوف | ديس | السنة |
| القصوى القياسية °س (°ف) | 20.3 (68.5) |
20.7 (69.3) |
25.1 (77.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
32.7 (90.9) |
36.7 (98.1) |
38.8 (101.8) |
38.8 (101.8) |
32.3 (90.1) |
29.0 (84.2) |
23.3 (73.9) |
22.7 (72.9) |
38.8 (101.8) |
| متوسط القصوى اليومية °س (°ف) | 6.4 (43.5) |
8.5 (47.3) |
13.4 (56.1) |
17.3 (63.1) |
21.3 (70.3) |
25.3 (77.5) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.1 (80.8) |
22.3 (72.1) |
17.0 (62.6) |
10.6 (51.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
| المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) | 2.9 (37.2) |
4.1 (39.4) |
8.0 (46.4) |
11.4 (52.5) |
15.6 (60.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
20.9 (69.6) |
16.8 (62.2) |
12.3 (54.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
3.4 (38.1) |
11.9 (53.4) |
| متوسط الدنيا اليومية °س (°ف) | −0.7 (30.7) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
5.6 (42.1) |
10.0 (50.0) |
13.5 (56.3) |
15.0 (59.0) |
14.6 (58.3) |
11.3 (52.3) |
7.7 (45.9) |
3.1 (37.6) |
0.0 (32.0) |
6.8 (44.2) |
| الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) | −19.0 (−2.2) |
−14.4 (6.1) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
2.8 (37.0) |
5.4 (41.7) |
5.0 (41.0) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
−13.5 (7.7) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
| متوسط تساقط الأمطار mm (inches) | 102.6 (4.04) |
79.1 (3.11) |
93.1 (3.67) |
87.9 (3.46) |
101.0 (3.98) |
94.5 (3.72) |
91.7 (3.61) |
97.6 (3.84) |
104.3 (4.11) |
113.3 (4.46) |
114.6 (4.51) |
124.2 (4.89) |
1٬203٫9 (47.40) |
| Average precipitation days | 9.7 | 8.1 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 11.1 | 9.9 | 8.2 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 114.6 |
| Mean monthly ساعات سطوع الشمس | 76.6 | 101.8 | 157.8 | 176.2 | 202.3 | 236.3 | 261.6 | 237.1 | 180.7 | 123.8 | 74.5 | 66.3 | 1٬894٫9 |
| Source: Météo France[6] | |||||||||||||
المعالم الرئيسية
شاتو دى شامبيري
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The first counts of Savoy settled into an existing fortress in 1285 and expanded it in the early-14th century to serve as a residence, seat of power and administration, and as stronghold for the House of Savoy. However, it quickly became obsolete as a serious fortification genuinely capable of resisting a siege. Due to constant French hostilities, Duke Emmanuel Philibert decided to move his capital to Turin.
The château remained purely an administrative centre until Christine Marie of France, Duchess of Savoy, returned to hold court in 1640. It was the site of the 1684 marriage between Victor Amadeus II and Anne Marie d'Orléans, niece of Louis XIV. Victor Amadeus II, having abdicated, lived here with his second wife Anna Canalis di Cumiana before they were imprisoned at the Castle of Rivoli for trying to reclaim the throne.
In 1786, Victor Amadeus III enlarged it, adding a Royal Wing.
Under Napoleon Bonaparte, the Aile du Midi ("South Wing") was rebuilt and redecorated to house the imperial prefecture of the department of Mont-Blanc. Elaborate modification to the structure were made again after Savoy was annexed by France in 1860.
Today, the political administration of the department of Savoie is located in the castle, and it is open for tours and concerts.
نافورة الأفيال
The Fontaine des Éléphants ("Elephants Fountain") is surely the most famous landmark in Chambéry. It was built in 1838 to honour Benoît de Boigne's feats when he was in الهند. This statue, which represents the forelimbs of four elephants truncated in a column in the shape of the savoyan (savoyarde) cross was first hooted by the inhabitants, annoyed to see elephants in their city, but it appears that now, most of them have accepted. Witness of the previous dislike, the statue kept its nickname of les quatre sans culs, ("the four without arse(s)" sounding almost like the title of the best-known movie of the most prominent nouvelle vague director François Truffaut : "Les quatre-cent coups"/The 400 Blows).
غيرهم
The Cistercian Abbey of Hautecombe, founded in 1135, is one of the burial places of the rulers of the House of Savoy. Saint Francis de Sales officiated at Notre-Dame de Myans (established before the 12th century). Francis I of France went to Notre-Dame de l'Aumône at Rumilly in the 13th century as a pilgrim. The Sisters of St Joseph, an order founded at Chambéry in 1812, devotes itself to teaching and charitable work, and today, its members are now spread worldwide.
The cathedral of Saint Francis of Sales in Chambéry presents one of the best examples of Savoyard trompe-l’oeil paintings and the largest in Europe. It also houses an organ listed as a historic monument, as well as an identical replica of the Holy Shroud gifted by the Archbishop of Turin.[7] The original had resided in the ducal chapel in Chambéry between 1466 and 1578.
Chambéry is also the administrative headquarters of the Orchestre des Pays de Savoie.
متفرقات
Chambéry is home to the 13th Battalion of the Chasseurs Alpins.
المواليد
شامبري كانت مسقط رأس التالين:
- François de Candie, 1st Vice-Count of Geneva, "Ancien Vidam de Genéve", (c. 1314 – 26 December 1360; in Italian Conte Franco de Candia) was a nobleman and military commander of the Royal Guard of Savoy
- Gauvain de Candie, count of Derruyre, novelist and poet of the House of Candia, in 1475 at age 28 he composed the famous "Chason d'Amoure" recited poems to the ducal couple of Marguerite of Austria and Philibert II, Duke of Savoy.
- César Vichard de Saint-Réal (1639-1692), novelist
- Amédée-François Frézier (1682-1773), engineer, mathematician, spy, and explorer
- Benoît de Boigne (1751-1830), military adventurer in الهند
- Xavier de Maistre (1763–1852), writer, military man
- Michel de Certeau (1925-1986), Jesuit and scholar
- Federico Luigi, Conte Menabrea (1809-1896), Italian prime minister and general
المدن الشقيقة
Chambéry is twinned with:
انظر أيضاً
وصلات خارجية
| Chambéry
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- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in الفرنسية). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 6 June 2023.
- ^ أ ب ت Comparateur de territoire, INSEE, retrieved 15 February 2025.
- ^ "The Duchy of Savoie, 600 years of history". Savoie Mont Blanc. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ de Saint-Genis, Victor Flour (1869). Histoire de Savoie d'après les documents originaux. La révolution, 1713 à 1860 (in الفرنسية). Vol. 3. p. 366.
- ^ "Hôtel de Ville de Chambéry". SAvoy Archives. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
- ^ "Données climatiques de la station de Chambéry" (PDF) (in الفرنسية). Météo France. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
- ^ "Cathédrale Saint François de Sales". Chambéry Montagnes (in الفرنسية). Retrieved 2025-03-09.
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