عقد 50

Eastern Hemisphere in AD 50.
الألفية: الألفية 1
القرون: القرن 1 ق.م.القرن 1القرن 2
العقود: عقد 20 عقد 30 عقد 40عقد 50عقد 60 عقد 70 عقد 80
Years: 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59
التصنيفات: المواليدالوفياتالعمارة
التأسيساتالانحلالات

The 50s decade ran from January 1, 50, to December 31, 59. It was the sixth decade in the Anno Domini/Common Era, if the nine-year period from 1 AD to 9 AD is considered as a "decade".

The early years of the decade saw Roman and Parthian intervention in the Iberian–Armenian War, a conflict which led Tiridates I to become King of Armenia with Parthian support. This was unacceptable to Rome, and the ensuing tensions culminated in the Roman–Parthian War of 58–63. Concurrently, the Roman conquest of Britain continued, with Caratacus being defeated in 50 and tribes of modern Wales being subdued in 58 to 59. In 50, the Southern Xiongnu submitted to the Chinese Han dynasty. Later in 57, the ascension of Emperor Ming heralded the beginning of a golden age.

The Council of Jerusalem was held early in the decade: The council decided that Gentile converts to Christianity were not obligated to keep most of the fasts, and other specific rituals, including the rules concerning circumcision of males.[1] The Council did, however, retain the prohibitions on eating blood, meat containing blood, and meat of animals that were strangled, and on fornication and idolatry.

Literary works of this decade include De Vita Beata (which explains that the pursuit of happiness is the pursuit of reason) and De Clementia (an instructional contrast between the good ruler and a tyrant), both of which were written by Seneca the Younger.

Manning (2008) tentatively estimates the world population in AD 50 as 248 million.

قالب:Events by year for decade


Demographics

Due to lack of reliable demographic data, estimates of the world population in the 1st century vary wildly, with estimates for AD 1 varying from 150[2] to 300[3] million. Demographers typically do not attempt to estimate most specific years in antiquity, instead giving approximate numbers for round years such as AD 1 or AD 200. However, attempts at reconstructing the world population in more specific years have been made, with Manning (2008) tentatively estimating the world population in AD 50 as 248 million.[4]

Significant people

الوفيات

local p = {} local uc = {births="الميلاد", deaths="الوفيات"} -- تم التصحيح هنا

local page_content = {} local function get_section(frame, page_name, section_name) if page_content[page_name] == nil then local title = mw.title.new(page_name) if title then if title.redirectTarget then title = title.redirectTarget end page_content[page_name] = title:getContent() end end if page_content[page_name] then if mw.ustring.find(page_content[page_name], "=%s*" .. section_name .. "%s*=", 1, false) then return frame:preprocess("" .. page name .. "") -- تم التصحيح هنا end end return "" end

local function transclude(frame, entry, year, article) local s = "' " s = frame:preprocess(s) .. get_section(frame, article, uc[entry]) s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '==+[^=]-==+%s*%c*', ) -- تم تعديل التطابق ليكون أكثر مرونة للنص العربي return mw.ustring.match(s, '.*%*.*[%a%p].+') or "" -- تم التصحيح هنا end

function p.main(frame) local decade = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or frame:getParent().args[1] or '0') local result = {} local article_list = {} local year_list = {}

if decade:sub(1, 1) == '-' then for i = -9, (decade == '-0' and -1 or 0) do table.insert(article_list, frame:expandTemplate { title = "مقالة السنة", args = { decade .. '0', tostring(i) } }) table.insert(year_list, decade .. math.abs(i)) end else for i = (decade == '0' and 1 or 0), 9 do table.insert(article_list, frame:expandTemplate { title = "مقالة السنة", args = { decade .. '0', tostring(i) } }) table.insert(year_list, decade .. tostring(i)) end end

for i, entry in ipairs({"births", "deaths"}) do table.insert(result, '== ' .. uc[entry] .. ' ==')

-- الحصول على المحتوى الفعلي بدلاً من عرض كود القالب local content = {} for j, article in ipairs(article_list) do local section_content = transclude(frame, entry, year_list[j], article) if section_content and section_content ~= "" then table.insert(content, section_content) end end

if #content > 0 then table.insert(result, table.concat(content, "\n")) else table.insert(result, "لا توجد بيانات متاحة") end

table.insert(result, "") -- سطر فارغ لفصل الأقسام end

return table.concat(result, "\n") end

return p

الوفيات

local p = {} local uc = {births="الميلاد", deaths="الوفيات"} -- تم التصحيح هنا

local page_content = {} local function get_section(frame, page_name, section_name) if page_content[page_name] == nil then local title = mw.title.new(page_name) if title then if title.redirectTarget then title = title.redirectTarget end page_content[page_name] = title:getContent() end end if page_content[page_name] then if mw.ustring.find(page_content[page_name], "=%s*" .. section_name .. "%s*=", 1, false) then return frame:preprocess("" .. page name .. "") -- تم التصحيح هنا end end return "" end

local function transclude(frame, entry, year, article) local s = "' " s = frame:preprocess(s) .. get_section(frame, article, uc[entry]) s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '==+[^=]-==+%s*%c*', ) -- تم تعديل التطابق ليكون أكثر مرونة للنص العربي return mw.ustring.match(s, '.*%*.*[%a%p].+') or "" -- تم التصحيح هنا end

function p.main(frame) local decade = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or frame:getParent().args[1] or '0') local result = {} local article_list = {} local year_list = {}

if decade:sub(1, 1) == '-' then for i = -9, (decade == '-0' and -1 or 0) do table.insert(article_list, frame:expandTemplate { title = "مقالة السنة", args = { decade .. '0', tostring(i) } }) table.insert(year_list, decade .. math.abs(i)) end else for i = (decade == '0' and 1 or 0), 9 do table.insert(article_list, frame:expandTemplate { title = "مقالة السنة", args = { decade .. '0', tostring(i) } }) table.insert(year_list, decade .. tostring(i)) end end

for i, entry in ipairs({"births", "deaths"}) do table.insert(result, '== ' .. uc[entry] .. ' ==')

-- الحصول على المحتوى الفعلي بدلاً من عرض كود القالب local content = {} for j, article in ipairs(article_list) do local section_content = transclude(frame, entry, year_list[j], article) if section_content and section_content ~= "" then table.insert(content, section_content) end end

if #content > 0 then table.insert(result, table.concat(content, "\n")) else table.insert(result, "لا توجد بيانات متاحة") end

table.insert(result, "") -- سطر فارغ لفصل الأقسام end

return table.concat(result, "\n") end

return p

References

  1. ^ Thiessen, Matthew (September 2014). Breytenbach, Cilliers; Thom, Johan (eds.). "Paul's Argument against Gentile Circumcision in Romans 2:17-29". Novum Testamentum. Leiden: Brill Publishers. 56 (4): 373–391. doi:10.1163/15685365-12341488. eISSN 1568-5365. ISSN 0048-1009. JSTOR 24735868.
  2. ^ John H. Tanton, 1994, "End of the Migration Epoch? Time For a New Paradigm", The Social Contract, Vol. 4 (no 3), pp. 162–173.
  3. ^ Haub (1995): "By 1 A.D., the world may have held about 300 million people. One estimate of the population of the Roman Empire, from Spain to Asia Minor, in 14 A.D. is 45 million. However, other historians set the figure twice as high, suggesting how imprecise population estimates of early historical periods can be."
  4. ^ Manning, Scott (2008-01-12). "Year-by-Year World Population Estimates: 10,000 B.C. to 2007 A.D." Historian on the Warpath (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2023-03-05.