علم أحياء الحفاظ

حماية البيئة

علم أحياء الانحفاظ Conservation biology أو علم البيئة الانحفاظي conservation ecology هو العلم الذي يقوم بتحليل و حماية التنوع الحيوي للأرض. يأخذ علم احياء الانحفاظ من العلوم الفيزيائية و الحيوية و الاجتماعية حتى ، و أيضا الاقتصاد ، و ممارسة إدارة الموارد الطبيعية. في حين يقوم علم بيئة الانحفاظ بدراسة قضايا ديناميات التجمعات population dynamics المرتبطة بقياسات التجمعات الصغيرة للأنواع النادرة. ( انظر تجمع قابل للحياة أصغري minimum viable population ). ينطبق مصطلح "علم احياء الانحفاظ" على علم دراسة الانحفاظ على صعيد الجينات و تجمع حيوي population ، الانواع و أيضا النظمة البيئية .

 الانقراض السادس

المقالة الرئيسية: Holocene extinction event

An art scape image showing the relative biomass representation in a rain forest through a summary of (A) child's perception compared with (B) a scientific estimate of the biomass. The size of the animal represents its biomass proportion. The child mental image places prominence on big cats, birds, butterflies, and then reptiles versus the actual dominance of social insects (ants).

 مفاهيم وأسس

 قياس معدلات الانقراض

The five major extinction spasms measured by extinction levels in marine animal genera through time. Blue graph shows apparent percentage (not absolute number) of extinctions during any given time interval.

 أولويات الحفاظ

A pie chart image showing the relative biomass representation in a rain forest through a summary of children's perceptions from drawings and artwork (left), through a scientific estimate of actual biomass (middle), and by a measure of biodiversity (right). Notice that the biomass of social insects (middle) far outweighs the number of species (right).

Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.

 مفاهيم الأنواع الاستراتيجية

 Keystone species

المقالة الرئيسية: Keystone species

 الأنواع المؤشرة

المقالة الرئيسية: أنواع مؤشرة

The NAMOS BC logo is an example of an ecosystem umbrella concept (forests and wetlands) combined with amphibians as indicator and flagship species.

 أوائل المهتمين بالطبيعة

White Gerfalcons drawn by John James Audubon.

 الحفاظ في القرن العشرين

Roosevelt and Muir on Glacier Point in Yosemite National Park.

 انظر أيضاً

• Applied ecology
• Bird observatory
• Biodiversity
• Endangered species
• Environmentalism
• Ex-situ conservation
• انقراض
• Gene pool
• Genetic erosion
• Genetic pollution
• Habitat fragmentation
• Holocene Mass Extinction
• In-situ conservation
• IUCN Red List
• List of conservation topics
• Natural history
• Regional Red List
• Silviculture
• Society for Conservation Biology
• Wildlife
• Wildlife disease
• Wildlife management
• World Conservation Monitoring Centre

 قراءات إضافية

أدب علمي

• B. W. Bowen, (1999). Preserving genes, species, or ecosystems? Healing the fractured foundations of conservation policy. Molecular Ecology, 8:S5-S10.[1]
• T. M. Brooks, R. A. Mittermeier, G. A. B. da Fonseca, J. Gerlach, M. Hoffmann, J. F. Lamoreux, C. G. Mittermeier, J. D. Pilgrim, and A. S. L. Rodrigues. (2006). Global Biodiversity Conservation Priorities. Science 313 (5783), 58.
• P. Kareiva, M. Marvier. (2003) Conserving Biodiversity Coldspots. American Scientist 91(4):344-351.[2]
• M. L. McCallum. (2008) Amphibian Decline or Extinction? Current Declines Dwarf Background Extinction Rate. Journal of Herpetology, 41(3): 483–491. [3]
• N. Myers, R. A. Mittermeier, C. G. Mittermeier, G. A. B. da Fonseca and J. Kent. (2000). Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403, 853-858.[4]
• D. B. Wake and V. T. Vredenburg. (2008). Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians. PNAS, 105(1): 11466-11473. [5]

كتب

• Norse, Elliott A. and Larry B. Crowder. (2006) Marine Conservation Biology: The science of maintaining the sea's biodiversity. Island Press, Washington, D.C. ISBN 1-55963-662-9
• Primack, Richard B. (2004) A Primer of Conservation Biology. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA. ISBN 0-87893-728-5
• Primack, Richard B. (2006) Essentials of Conservation Biology. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA. ISBN 0-87893-720-X
• Soulé and Wilcox, Conservation Biology : an evolutionary ecological perspective ISBN 0878938001

دوريات علمية

• Conservation Biology, a peer-reviewed journal of the Society for Conservation Biology
• Conservation, a quarterly magazine published by the Society for Conservation Biology
• Conservation [6]
• The Open Conservation Biology Journal [7]
• Ecology & Society [8]
• Conservation & Society [9]

أدلة تدريبية

• Kapoor-Vijay, P and White,J (1992) Conservation Biology: A Training Manual for Biological Diversity and Genetic Resources . The Commonwealth Science Council, The Commonwealth Secretariat, London,UK. ISBN 0-85092-392-1

 وصلات خارجية

• Conservation Biology Institute (CBI)
• United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC)
• Conservation and Research for Endangered Species (CRES)
• The Center for Biodiversity and Conservation - (American Museum of Natural History)
• Conservation Biology entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy by Sahotra Sarkar
• Dictionary of the History of Ideas