كليوباترا الثالثة

لمعلومات عن other women named Cleopatra، انظر Cleopatra (disambiguation).

كليوباترا الثالثة Cleopatra III
Cleopatra III at Kom Ombo
Queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom
الحكم	First reign, 142—131 BC Second reign, 127–101 BC, Ptolemaic dynasty
شريك الملك	Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II (first reign) Ptolemy VIII (127–116 BC) Cleopatra II (124–116 BC) Ptolemy IX (116–107 BC) Ptolemy X (107–101 BC) (second reign)
سبقه	Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II (first reign) Cleopatra II (second reign)
تبعه	Cleopatra II (first reign) Ptolemy X and Berenice III (second reign)
الألقاب الملكية اسم حورس: Nebtaoui Kanekhet Lady of the Two Lands, Mighty Bull
القرينة	Ptolemy VIII of Egypt (uncle and step-father)
الأنجال	Ptolemy IX, King of Egypt Ptolemy X, King of Egypt Cleopatra IV, Queen of Egypt Cleopatra Selene, Queen of Syria Tryphaena, Queen of Syria
الأب	Ptolemy VI of Egypt
الأم	Cleopatra II of Egypt
وُلِد	ح. 160 – 155 BC
توفي	101 BC

Cleopatra III (Ancient Greek: Κλεοπάτρα; c.160–101 BC) was a queen of Egypt. She ruled at first with her mother Cleopatra II and husband Ptolemy VIII from 142 to 131 BC and again from 127 to 116 BC. She then ruled with her sons Ptolemy IX and Ptolemy X from 116 to 101 BC.

Cleopatra III was also known as Cleopatra Euergetis (Εὐεργέτις) while associated with her husband Ptolemy VIII or her son Ptolemy X. She is attested as Cleopatra Philometor Soteira (Φιλομήτωρ Σώτειρα) while associated with her eldest son Ptolemy IX. According to Strabo, she was sometimes known as Kokke (Κόκκη) when discussed in relation to her son Ptolemy X.

 حياتها

Cleopatra III's uncle Ptolemy VIII ruled together with her parents from ca 170 BC to 164 BC, at which point he expelled Cleopatra II and Ptolemy VI. However, he was soon forced to abdicate in 163 BC.

Cleopatra III's parents retook the throne and remained in power for almost 20 years until 145 BC. Cleopatra III was born between 160 and 155 BC. She was a sister to Ptolemy Eupator, Cleopatra Thea, Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator, and possibly Berenice.

توفي بطليموس الثامن في 145 ق.م. من جروح حاقت به من سقوطه من على صهوة فرسه أثناء معركة أوينوپاراس Oinoparas ضد الإسكندر بالاس. عم كليوباترا الثالثة بطليموس الثامن أصبح ملك مصر مرة أخرى.

 الحكم المشترك مع أمها وزوجها

Ptolemy VIII first married Cleopatra III's mother Cleopatra II in 145 BC, and married Cleopatra III in c. 139 BC.

Cleopatra II rebelled against Ptolemy VIII in c. 132 BC and Cleopatra III fled إلى قبرص في 130 ق.م. مع زوجها، ولكنها تمكنت من العودة إلى الإسكندرية في 127 ق.م.. وفي حوالي 124 ق.م. اتحدت كليوباترا الثالثة مع زوجها وأمها كليوباترا الثانية في حكم مشترك لمصر.

 حكم مشترك مع أبنائها

After the death of Ptolemy VIII in 116 BC Cleopatra III ruled jointly with her mother Cleopatra II and her son Ptolemy IX. Her mother died late into the same year or early into the next year (115 BC).

Cleopatra III expelled Ptolemy IX from Alexandria in 107 BC and replaced him as co-regent with her second son Ptolemy X. After 6 years of joint rule Ptolemy X had his mother Cleopatra III murdered in 101 BC. Cleopatra III was succeeded by Ptolemy X, possibly in joint rule with his wife Berenice III, who was Cleopatra III's granddaughter.

 Issue

Cleopatra III and Ptolemy VIII married in 142 or 141 BC and had five children:

Name	Image	Birth	Death	Notes
Ptolemy IX Soter		142 BC	December 81 BC	Co-ruler of Egypt alongside his mother and grandmother from 116 to 107 BC, when he was exiled to Cyprus, then sole ruler from 88 to 81 BC.
Ptolemy X Alexander		140 BC?	88–87 BC	King of Cyprus from 114 to 107 BC, when he became co-ruler of Egypt alongside his mother, until expelled in 88 BC.
Tryphaena		c. 140 BC	110/09 BC	Married the Seleucid king Antiochus VIII Grypus in 124 BC.
Cleopatra IV		138–135 BC?	112 BC	Married to Ptolemy IX and co-ruler with him from 116 to 115 BC, when she was divorced from him and remarried to the Seleucid king Antiochus IX Cyzicenus.
Cleopatra Selene		135–130 BC?	69 BC	Married to Ptolemy IX from 115 BC until probably 107 BC, when she was possibly remarried to Ptolemy X. Then married in succession to the Seleucid kings Antiochus VIII, Antiochus IX, and Antiochus X.

 References

كليوباترا الثالثة Ptolemaic dynasty وُلِد: ca. 160 – 155 BC توفي: 101 BC
ألقاب ملكية
سبقه Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II	Queen of Egypt 142 BC–131 BC مع Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II	تبعه Cleopatra II
سبقه Cleopatra II	Queen of Egypt 127 BC–101 BC مع Ptolemy VIII, Cleopatra II, Ptolemy IX and Ptolemy X	تبعه Ptolemy X and Berenice III