مملكة تامباپني

Kingdom of Tambapaṇṇī තම්බපණ්ණිය රාජධානිය (سنهالا) Tambapaṇṇī Rājadhāniya
543 BC–437 BC
Kingdom of Tambapanni
العاصمة	Tambapaṇṇī Upatissagāma Vijithapura
اللغات الشائعة	Elu
صفة المواطن	Sinhalese
الحكومة	Monarchy
King
• 543–505 BC	Vijaya
• 505–504 BC	Upatissa
• 504–474 BC	Panduvasdeva
• 474–454 BC	Abhaya
• 454–437 BC	Tissa
الحقبة التاريخية	Pre Anuradhapura period
• Indo-Aryan settlement	543 BC
• Consecration of Vijaya	543 BC
• Nineteen Years' War	458–439 BC
• Kingdom moved to Anuradhapura	437 BC
سبقها تلاها Naga people (Lanka) Yakkha people Anuradhapura Kingdom

مملكة تامباپَنّي (Kingdom of Tambapaṇṇī P سنهالا: තම්බපණ්ණිය රාජධානිය, romanized: Tambapaṇṇī Rājadhāniya) was the first Sinhalese kingdom in Sri Lanka. Its administrative centre was based at Tambapaṇṇī. It existed between 543 BC and 437 BC. According to the Mahavamsa, the Kingdom was founded by Prince Vijaya and his followers.

 الاسم

Tambapaṇṇī is a name derived from Tāmraparṇī or Tāmravarṇī (in Sanskrit). This has got reference to the Thamirabarani river in Southern Tamil Nadu, India. This means the colour of copper or bronze because when Vijaya and his followers landed in Sri Lanka, when their hands and feet touched the ground they became red with the dust of the red-earth. Therefore, the city founded on that spot was named Tambapaṇṇī. A derivative of this name is Taprobane (Greek).

 Background

Ancient grave sites that were used before 600 BC and other signs of civilisation have also been discovered in Sri Lanka, but little is known about the history of the island before this time. According to the Mahāvamsa, a chronicle written in Pāḷi, the inhabitants of Sri Lanka prior to the Sinhala migration were the mythical Yakkha (سنسكريتية: यक्ष yakṣa; پالي: yakkha) and Nāga races. Sinhalese history and the historical period of Sri Lanka traditionally starts in 543 BC with the arrival of Prince Vijaya.

Legend has it that when Prince Vijaya landed on the shores of the island he kissed the sand, called it 'Thambapanni' and planted a flag depicting a lion in the ground. (The famous 'Sanchi' ruins of India depict the events of Prince Vijaya'a landing). After landing in Tambapaṇṇī, Vijaya met Kuveni the queen of the Yakkhas, who was disguised as a beautiful woman but was really a yakkhini named Sesapathi.

 التاريخ

The Kingdom of Tambapaṇṇī was founded by Prince Vijaya, the first Sinhalese King, and 700 of his followers after landing in Sri Lanka in an area near modern-day Mannar, which is believed to be the district of Chilaw. It is recorded that Vijaya made his landing on the day of Buddha's death. Vijaya claimed Tambapaṇṇī as his capital and soon the whole island became known by this name. Tambapaṇṇī was originally inhabited and governed by Yakkhas, and their queen Kuveni a Pandyan princess, with their capital at Sirīsavatthu.

Upatissagāma was the second capital of the kingdom. It was seven or eight miles further north of the previous capital Tambapaṇṇī. The city was established by Upatissa, a follower and senior minister of Vijaya.

During the end of his reign Vijaya, who was having trouble choosing a successor, so sent a letter to the city of his ancestors at Sinhapura, in order to invite his brother Sumitta to take over the throne. However Vijaya had died before the letter had reached its destination so the monarchy was succeeded by his chief minister Upatissa who acted as king for a year.

 See also

• Pre Anuradhapura period
• List of Sri Lankan monarchs

 References

 Bibliography

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• Perera, D. G. A. (n.d.). "Lankan place name in historical perspective". The island. Retrieved 25 August 2011.
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