نهر كيتا
| Kita River | |
|---|---|
 Kita River in 2007 | |
 | |
| الاسم المحلي | Error {{native name}}: an IETF language tag as parameter {{{1}}} is required (help) |
| الموقع | |
| البلد | اليابان |
| المنطقة | هونشو |
| المحافظة | شيگا، فوكوئي |
| السمات الطبيعية | |
| المنبع | سانجوسانگن |
| ⁃ الموقع | Takashima، محافظة شيگا، اليابان |
| ⁃ الإحداثيات | 35°31′07″N 135°56′19″E / 35.5186081°N 135.9385466°E |
| ⁃ المنسوب | 842 متر |
| المصب | خليج أوباما |
- الموقع | أوباما، فوكوئي |
- الإحداثيات | 35°30′26″N 135°44′31″E / 35.5071853°N 135.7418907°E |
- المنسوب | 0 متر |
| الطول | 30.3 كم |
| مساحة الحوض | 210.2 كم² |
| التدفق | |
| ⁃ المتوسط | 9.51 m3 (336 cu ft) |
| سمات الحوض | |
| الروافد | |
| - اليسرى |
|
| - اليمنى |
|
 | |
The Kita River (北川, Kita-gawa) is a river in Shiga and Fukui Prefectures, Japan. It is designated a Class A river by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT). It empties into Obama Bay, a sub-bay of Wakasa Bay on the Sea of Japan about 280 متر (920 ft) northeast of the mouth of the Minami River. It has been ranked among the best rivers in Japan for water quality since 1981.
الجغرافيا
The source of the Kita River is found at an elevation of about 842 متر (2،762 ft) on the slopes of Mount Sanjūsangen in Takashima, Shiga Prefecture, Japan.[1][2][3] Its length is 30.3 كيلومتر (18.8 mi) from its source to its mouth.[2][3]
It flows in a generally northwesterly direction, with the Toba River joining it in Wakasa and the Onyū River in Obama.[1] Its left-hand tributaries include the Samukaze, Kōchi, Onyū, and Matsunaga Rivers, and its right-hand tributaries include the Amasu, Toba, Nogi, and Eko Rivers.[3]
Its drainage basin covers an area of 210.2 متر كيلومربع (81.2 sq mi), with approximately 80 percent of that in mountainous terrain.[1] The drainage basin is about 83 percent forest, 13 percent agricultural, and 4 percent other use such as residential and commercial.[2] Since 1981, it has been ranked as the top Class A river for water quality among those overseen by the Kinki Regional Development Bureau.[4]
Uriwari Falls is located 1.5 كيلومتر (0.93 mi) southwest of the confluence of the Toba River with the Kita River. These falls are ranked 36th in the top 100 famous water features of Japan as named by the Ministry of the Environment.[2] Unose, a series of rapids on the Onyū, is located 4 كيلومتر (2.5 mi) downstream from where Route 27 crosses the Onyū River (about 500 متر (1،600 ft) from the Onyū's confluence with the Matsunaga River, and about 1.5 كيلومتر (0.93 mi) from where the Matsunaga meets the Kita).[3]
حوض التصريف والروافد
The Kita River drainage basin is contained with the city of Takashima in Shiga Prefecture, and the city of Obama and the town of Wakasa in Fukui Prefecture.[2] The river has several main tributaries, listed here in order from the source in Takashima to the mouth at Obama Bay in Obama.
- Amasu River (天増川, Amasu-gawa) (Takashima) (source)[3]
- Samukaze River (寒風川, Samukaze-gawa) (Takashima)[3]
- Kōchi River (河内川, Kōchi-gawa) (Wakasa)[3][5]
- Toba River (鳥羽川, Toba-gawa) (Wakasa)[3]
- Nogi River (野木川, Nogi-gawa) (Wakasa)[3]
- Onyū River (遠敷川, Onyū-gawa) (Obama)[3][5]
- Matsunaga River (松永川, Matsunaga-gawa) (Obama)[3]
- Eko River (江古川, Eko-gawa) (Obama)[3]
النبيت والوحيش
The Kita River is home to many types of fish and other animals.
- Arctic lamprey[5]
- Ayu sweetfish[5]
- Big-scaled redfin[5]
- Blackhead seabream[5]
- Dark chub[5]
- Dark sleeper[5]
- Eurasian carp[5]
- Flathead grey mullet[5]
- Fourspine sculpin[5]
- Ginbuna[5]
- Grass puffer[5]
- Gymnogobius urotaenia[5]
- Japanese fluvial sculpin[5]
- Japanese gudgeon[5]
- Japanese river goby[5]
- Japanese sea bass[5]
- Japanese striped loach[5]
- Japanese white crucian carp[5]
- Leiognathus nuchalis[5]
- Liobagrus reinii[5]
- Oncorhynchus:
- Pale chub[5]
- Phoxinus:
- Pond loach[5]
- Pungtungia herzi[5]
- Rhinogobius:
- R. sp. CB[5]
- R. giurinus[5]
- R. sp. LD[5]
- Sharpbeak terapon[5]
- Squalidus gracilis[5]
- Tridentiger:
- Whitespotted char[5]
التطور
The JR West Obama Line follows the river from near the junction of Japan National Routes 303 and 27 and where Route 27 crosses the Matsunaga River.[3] The Maizuru-Wakasa Expressway crosses the Kita about 1.4 كيلومتر (0.87 mi) north of the intersection of Routes 27 and 162, at which it crosses the Tada River.[3]
Flooding
In September 1953, heavy rainfall from Typhoon Tess caused major flooding along the Kita River and its tributaries, destroying many fields and injuring or killing almost nearly 500 people.[6] This was the largest flooding of the river and its tributaries since 1896.[6]
المراجع
- ^ أ ب ت 北川 [Kita River] (in Japanese). Kotobank. Archived from the original on 12 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ أ ب ت ث ج 北川水系北川 [Kita River System] (in اليابانية). Kinki Regional Development Bureau. Archived from the original on 12 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
- ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص 北川管内図 [Kita River Jurisdiction Map] (PDF) (in اليابانية). 福井河川国道事務所 (Fukui Rivers National Highways Office). June 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
- ^ 北川｜上流 [Kita River | Upstream] (in اليابانية). 大日本図書 (Dai Nippon Tosho). Archived from the original on 12 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
- ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن هـ و ي أأ أب أت أث أج أح أخ أد أذ أر Matsumiya, Yoshitaka; Watanabe, Katsutoshi; Iguchi, Kei'ichiroh; Iwata, Hiroshi; Yamamoto, Gunji; Nishida, Mutsumi (4 June 2001). 福井県嶺南地方を流れる南川水系の淡水魚類 [Freshwater fish from the Minami River water system flowing through the Reinan region of Fukui Prefecture]. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology (in اليابانية). The Ichthyological Society of Japan. 48 (2): 93–107. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
- ^ أ ب 小出博 (Hiroshi Koide) (10 September 1954). 高潮と豪雨のために大水害 [Major Floods Due to High Surges and Heavy Rains]. 日本の水害 [Japan Flood Disasters] (in اليابانية). Toyo Keizai. p. 32.
وصلات خارجية
Media related to Kita River (Shiga and Fukui) at Wikimedia Commons
