1207
| القرون: | قرن 12 · قرن 13 · قرن 14 |
| العقود: | ع1170 ع1180 ع1190 ع1200 ع1210 ع1220 ع1230 |
| السنوات: | 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 |
| ألفية: | الألفية 2 |
|---|---|
| قرون: | القرن 12 – القرن 13 – القرن 14 |
| عقود: | عقد 1170 عقد 1180 عقد 1190 – عقد 1200 – عقد 1210 عقد 1220 عقد 1230 |
| سنين: | 1204 1205 1206 – 1207 – 1208 1209 1210 |
Statue of Kaykhusraw I (r. 1192–1211)
| 1207 حسب الموضوع | |
| السياسة | |
| زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة | |
| تصنيفا المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفا التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| التأسيسات – الانحلالات | |
| الفن والأدب | |
| 1207 في الشعر | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 1207 MCCVII |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 1960 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 656 ԹՎ ՈԾԶ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 5957 |
| التقويم البهائي | −637 – −636 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 614 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 2157 |
| سنة العهد الإنگليزي | 8 Joh. 1 – 9 Joh. 1 |
| التقويم البوذي | 1751 |
| التقويم البورمي | 569 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 6715–6716 |
| التقويم الصيني | 丙寅年 (النار النمر) 3903 أو 3843 — إلى — 丁卯年 (النار الأرنب) 3904 أو 3844 |
| التقويم القبطي | 923–924 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2373 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1199–1200 |
| التقويم العبري | 4967–4968 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1263–1264 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 1129–1130 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4308–4309 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 11207 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 207–208 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 585–586 |
| التقويم الهجري | 603–604 |
| التقويم الياباني | Ken'ei 2 / Jōgen (Kamakura period) 1 (承元元年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | 1207 MCCVII |
| التقويم الكوري | 3540 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 705 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前705年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 1750 |
Year 1207 (MCCVII) was a common year starting on Monday (full calendar) under the Julian calendar.
أحداث
حسب المكان
الإمبراطورية البيزنطية
- Spring - Siege of Attalia: Seljuk forces led by Sultan Kaykhusraw I besiege the city port of Attalia (modern-day Antalya) with siege machines. After a siege of more than 2 months, the city is captured, Kaykhusraw allows his forces 3 days of looting and slaughtering. The capture of the port gives the Seljuk Turks a major path into the Mediterranean.
- September 4 - Battle of Messinopolis: Latin forces under Boniface of Montferrat are ambushed and defeated at Messinopolis. Boniface is killed and his head is sent to Kaloyan، ruler (tsar) of the Bulgarian Empire. Seeking to take advantage of the situation, Kaloyan besieges Thessalonica. In October, he dies under mysterious circumstances.[1]
أوروبا
- February 2 - Terra Mariana (or Medieval Livonia), comprising modern-day Estonia and Latvia، is established as a principality of the Holy Roman Empire. During its existence there is a constant struggle over supremacy between the lands ruled by the Teutonic Order، the secular German nobility, and the citizens of the Hanseatic towns of Riga and Reval.
- Prince Mstislav Mstislavich ("the Daring") clashes with his uncle Rurik Rostislavich، Grand Prince of Kiev، and is forced to surrender the town of Torchesk (a major centre of resistance against Polovtsian raids).[2]
- Pope Innocent III declares for King Philip of Swabia as Holy Roman Emperor، a reversal of his previous support for Philip's rival Otto IV.
إنجلترة
- John, King of England ("Lackland") introduces the first income tax. One-thirteenth of income from rents and moveable property has to be paid. Collected locally by sheriffs and administered by the Exchequer، the tax is unpopular with the English nobility and especially in the churches and monasteries, but does raise a lot of money for John, doubling his annual income for the year.
- May 24 - John still refuses to accept Stephen Langton as archbishop; Innocent III threatens to place England under an Interdict. In response, John confiscates church property. Many of the English bishops of the great churches in the country flee abroad to the Continent.
- November - Leeds، a market town in West Yorkshire، receives its first charter (approximate date).
العالم العربي
- Renewal of the trade treaty between Pisa and Egypt.[3]
- Beginning of a trade agreement between Venice and the Sultan of Aleppo (ending in 1216 ).[4]
آسيا
- Jochi، eldest son of Genghis Khan، subjugates people of the Siberian forest (taiga); the Uriankhai، the Oirats، the Barga، the Khakas، the Buryats، and the Tuvans، extending the northern border of the Mongol Empire.
- Hōnen and his followers of the Pure Land sect are persecuted and exiled to remote parts of Japan، while a few are executed, for what the government considers heretical Buddhist teachings.[5]
- In Vietnam, the Lý dynasty witnessed the political crisis under king Lý Cao Tông. The barbarians in Tản Viên mountain rebelled against the emperor.[6] They continued to rule Tản Viên mountain independently until the beginning of the Trần dynasty.[7] In March, two chieftains Đoàn Thượng, Đoàn Chủ in Hồng Châu (present day Hải Dương and Hải Phòng) rebelled and declared themselves kings.[8] Their rebellions lasted for 2 years, contributing to the fall of the Ly dynasty.[8]
- Before 1207 - Kosho writes Kuya Preaching, during the Kamakura period (it is later kept at Rokuharamitsu-ji Temple in Kyoto).
- 7 أكتوبر - مركز إندرامايو في نوسانتارا يتأسس.
- شاه خوارزم علاء الدين محمد يستولي على بخارى وسمرقند من القرة خيتان.[9]
حسب الموضوع
الاقتصاد
- The first documentary evidence of forced loans in Venice. This technique becomes the staple of public finance in Europe، until the 16th century.[10]
الدين
- 17 يونيو - Stephen Langton is consecrated as archbishop of Canterbury in England by Innocent III at Viterbo.[11]
مواليد
- July 7 - Elizabeth of Hungary، Hungarian princess (ت. 1231)
- August 13 - Malik ibn al-Murahhal، Moroccan poet (ت. 1299)
- September 30 - Rumi، Persian scholar and mystic (ت. 1273)
- October 1 - Henry III (of Winchester), English king (ت. 1272)
- Adelasia of Torres، Italian noblewoman and judge (ت. 1259)
- Canute (or Knud Valdemarsen), duke of Estonia (ت. 1260)
- Elen ferch Llywelyn (the Elder), Welsh princess, countess in England (ت. 1253)
- Fujiwara no Akiuji، Japanese nobleman and poet (ت. 1274)
- Fujiwara no Ariko، Japanese empress consort (ت. 1286)
- Gilbert Marshal، English nobleman and knight (ت. 1241)
- Henry II, Duke of Brabant، Dutch nobleman (House of Reginar) (ت. 1248)
- Jakuen، Japanese Buddhist monk and scholar (ت. 1299)
- John of Scotland، Scottish nobleman and knight (ت. 1237)
- Margaret of Louvain، Flemish servant and saint (ت. 1237)
- Ottone Visconti، Italian nobleman and archbishop (ت. 1295)
- Philip I, Count of Savoy، French nobleman (ت. 1285)
- Raymond II Trencavel (or Raimond), French nobleman (ت. 1263)
- Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi، Persian philosopher (ت. 1274)
- Vladislaus II، Bohemian nobleman and knight (ت. 1227)
وفيات
- February 7 - Sambor I، duke of Pomerania (و. 1150)
- March 1 - Fernando Afonso، Portuguese Grand Master[12]
- May 3 - Fujiwara no Kanezane، Japanese nobleman
- May 7 - Abdul Razzaq Gilani، Persian jurist (و. 1134)
- June 6 - Gerardo dei Tintori، Italian mystic (و. 1134)
- June 13 - Xie، Chinese empress consort (و. 1135)
- June 19 - Ubaldo Lanfranchi، Italian archbishop
- August 21 - Simon of Wells، bishop of Chichester
- September 4
- Boniface I of Montferrat، Italian nobleman
- Raimbaut de Vaqueiras، French troubadour
- October - Kaloyan، ruler (tsar) of the Bulgarian Empire[13]
- October 3 - Xin Qiji، Chinese general and poet (و. 1140)
- November 3 - Hartwig II، German archbishop
- November 24 - Han Tuozhou، Chinese statesman (و. 1152)
- unknown date - Amalric of Bena، French theologian and mystic
- probable
- Bona of Pisa، Italian nun and mystic (و. 1156)
- David Soslan، Alanian prince and king consort[14]
المراجع
- ^ John V. A. Fine, Jr. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest, pp. 87–91. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08260-4.
- ^ David Nicolle & Viacheslav Shpakovsky (2001). Osprey: Campaign Nr. 98: Kalka River 1223. Genghis Khan's Mongols invade Russia, p. 19. ISBN 1-84176-233-4.
- ^ . ISBN 978-2-8041-2908-8.
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{{cite book}}: Missing or empty|title=(help); Unknown parameter|année=ignored (|date=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|auteur1=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|pages totales=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|présentation en ligne=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|sous-titre=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|titre=ignored (|title=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|éditeur=ignored (|editor=suggested) (help) - ^ Hywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p.133. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên (1993), Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư، page 152, Volume 4, "Kỷ nhà Lý: Cao Tông Hoàng Đế"
- ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên (1993), Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư، page 159, Volume 5, "Kỷ nhà Trần: Thái Tông Hoàng Đế."
- ^ أ ب Đại Việt sử lược، page 90
- ^ L'empire des steppes : Attila, Gengis-Khan, Tamerlan: Attila, Gengis-Khan, Tamerlan, par René Grousset Publié par Payot, 1965 p. 224
- ^ Munro, John H. (2003). "The Medieval Origins of the Financial Revolution". The International History Review. 15 (3): 506–562.
- ^ Bartlett, Robert (2000). England under the Norman and Angevin Kings: 1075–1225, pp. 404–405. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-822741-8.
- ^ Delaville Le Roulx, Joseph (1904). Les Hospitaliers en Terre Sainte et à Chypre (1100-1310). E. Leroux, Paris. p. 101.
- ^ Madgearu, Alexandru (2016). The Asanids: The Political and Military History of the Second Bulgarian Empire, 1185–1280. BRILL. p. 153. ISBN 978-9-004-32501-2.
- ^ Commire, Anne; Klezmer, Deborah (2002). Women in World History: Sul-Vica (in الإنجليزية). Yorkin Publications. p. 144. ISBN 9780787640743.
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