CMA CGM

CMA CGM
سابقاً
Compagnie Maritime d'Affrètement (1978–1996)
النوعSociété anonyme, private
الصناعةFreight transport
السابقCompagnie Générale Transatlantique and Messageries Maritimes
تأسست13 سبتمبر 1978; منذ 47 سنة (1978-09-13[1]
المؤسسجاك سعادة
المقر الرئيسي
CMA CGM Tower
Marseille
،
France
نطاق الخدمةأرجاء العالم
الأشخاص الرئيسيون
رودولف سعادة (Executive Chairman and CEO)
Tanya Saadé Zeenny (Director and Executive Officer)
المنتجاتContainer shipping and terminals, logistics and freight forwarding, ferry and tanker transport
الدخل▲ $55.48 billion (2024)[2]
ربح العمليات▲ $13.45 billion (2024)[2]
▲ $5.71 billion (2024)[2]
إجمالي الأصول▲ $51.98 billion (2021)[3]
إجمالي الأنصبة▲ $23.91 billion (2021)[3]
الموظفون155,000[4]
الشركات التابعةList of subsidiaries
الموقع الإلكترونيcma-cgm.com
Footnotes / references
[5][6]

CMA CGM S.A. ، هي شركة فرنسية للنقل وشحن الحاويات.[7] وهي مجموعة شحن عالمية رائدة،[8] تستخدم 200 مسار شحن بين 420 ميناء في 150 بلد مختلف.[9] مقرها الرئيسي في مارسيليا،[10] ومقرها الرئيسي في أمريكا الشمالية يقع في نورفوك، ڤرجينيا، الولايات المتحدة. اسمها اختصار ترجمته "شركة الشحن البحري- الشركة البحرية العامة" (Compagnie maritime d'affrètement - Compagnie générale maritime).

CMA CGM business activities include shipping, port operation, supply chain management and warehousing, with a presence in 160 countries through 400 offices, 750 warehouses, 155,000 employees and a wide fleet of 593 vessels. CMA CGM serves 420 of the world's 521 commercial ports and operates 257 shipping lines.[4]

التاريخ

Container ship CMA CGM Opal berthed at North Quay in Fremantle Harbour, Australia

The history of CMA CGM can be traced back to the middle of the 19th century, when two major French shipping lines were created, respectively Messageries Maritimes (MM) in 1851 and Compagnie Générale Maritime (CGM) in 1855, soon renamed Compagnie Générale Transatlantique in 1861. Both companies were created partly with the backing of the French State, through the award of mail contracts to various destinations, French colonies and overseas territories as well as foreign countries. After the two World Wars, the two companies became "State owned corporations of the competitive sector" (Entreprise publique du secteur concurrentiel), i.e., companies that, while owned by the State, were run as private for-profit businesses operating in competitive markets. The French government, under President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and Prime Minister Jacques Chirac, progressively merged the two companies between 1974 and 1977 to form Compagnie Générale Maritime, which was still owned by the French government and still run as a competitive business, although sometimes subject to political pressure, for instance on the selection of shipyards to build new ships.

Compagnie Générale Maritime (CGM) operated as such from 1974 to 1996 when it was privatized by the French state under President Chirac and Prime Minister Alain Juppé. During these 22 years it operated freight and container liner services in various global trade lanes, as well as a fleet of dry bulk ships, and a few large oil tankers and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) tankers, with headquarters located in Paris' western suburbs, first in Paris-La Defense, then in close by Suresnes.

The CGM liner services, mostly containerized but also operating a significant fleet of "Con-Ro" vessels able to load roll-on/roll-off cargoes, were re-structured from the two parent companies' main trade lanes, i.e. Western trade lanes (Americas) for Compagnie Générale Transatlantique (CGT) and Eastern trade lanes (Asia, East Africa, Pacific, plus Eastern South America) for Messageries Maritimes (MM). After the merger and re-structure, CGM's liner services were managed in four distinct Trade Divisions, North America & Far East (AMNEO, for Amérique du Nord & Extrême Orient) which also managed the bulk and tanker fleets, South America & Caribbean (AMLAT), Pacific & Indian Ocean (PACOI) and Short Sea Trades (Cabotage).

Separately, Jacques Saadé had created CMA in 1978 as an intra-Mediterranean liner service operator, based in Marseille. In 1996, CGM was privatized and sold to Compagnie Maritime d'Affrètement (CMA) to form CMA CGM.[11]

In 1998 the combined company purchased Australian National Line.[12]

Container ship CMA CGM Balzac in the port of Zeebrugge, Belgium

In September 2005, CMA CGM acquired its French rival Delmas based in Le Havre from the Bolloré Group for €600 million. The acquisition was completed in early January 5, 2006. The resulting corporation became the third largest container company in the world behind the Danish Maersk and the Swiss Mediterranean Shipping Company[13]

In May 2007, a consortium represented by CMA CGM completed its acquisition of Compagnie Marocaine de Navigation (Comanav) for a sum of €200 million.[14][15]

In July 2007, CMA CGM acquired Cheng Lie Navigation Corp. (CNC Line), Intra-Asia container line based in Taiwan.

In 2014, CMA CGM signs the Ocean Three agreements. The group strengthens its offer by signing major agreements on the biggest worldwide maritime trades with CSCL and UASC.

In April 2015, the group acquired a strategic stake in LCL Logistix, a logistics leader in India, via its subsidiary CMA CGM LOG.

In December 2015, CMA CGM Benjamin Franklin called at the Port of Los Angeles and thus became the largest vessel ever to call the United States.[16] The container-ship, 1،300 ft (400 m) long and 177 ft (54 m) wide, was inaugurated in Port of Long Beach on February 19.[17]

In July 2016 CMA CGM finalized its acquisition of Singapore-based NOL (Neptune Orient Lines) and its container line APL (American President Lines) after an all-cash offer of US$2.4 billion. The takeover is CMA CGM's largest acquisition and the purchase added 12 percent market share to the CMA CGM group. The Singapore Exchange Securities Trading suspended trading of NOL shares at the end of the offer.[18][19]

In June 2017, CMA CGM acquire Mercosul Line, a Brazilian shipping company specialized in multimodal door-to-door container transportation and logistics.[20]

In October 2018, CMA CGM finalized the acquisition of Finland-based container-transportation and logistics company Containerships.[21]

In April 2019, CMA CGM completed its public tender offer to acquire CEVA Logistics.[22][23] With this acquisition, the CMA CGM Group becomes a global leader in transport and logistics, 110,000 people strong with more than $30.3 billion in revenue. CEVA operational center is transferred in Marseille, France, where is located the Head Office of the CMA CGM Group.[24]

In February 2021, CMA CGM Group completes its logistics offer by creating a new division dedicated to air freight: CMA CGM Air Cargo. With its four Airbus A330-200F cargo aircraft, this airfreight division links Europe to North America.[25] The first flight from Liège to Chicago marks the debut of commercial operations.[26]

In September 2021, CMA CGM announced a partnership with fellow Breton-based operator Brittany Ferries. The partnership involves a €25 million investment, plus a CMA CGM representative joining Brittany Ferries' supervisory board.[27][28][29]

In May 2022, CMA CGM signed a strategic partnership with Air France-KLM to develop their air cargo capacities together. However, this partnership, implemented in April 2023,[30] was terminated by mutual agreement in January 2024 without change in the 9% stake acquired by CMA CGM in the Franco-Dutch airline group.[31][32]

In January 2024, CMA CGM made a takeover offer for Wincanton plc.[33][34] In March 2024 CMA CGM withdrew the offer.[35]

الملكية

CMA CGM is 73% owned by Rodolphe Saadé and his family through Merit France SAS. The Turkish family-owned company Yildirim Holding has a 24% stake and French public sector investment bank Bpifrance has a 3% holding.[36][37][38]


الشخصيات الرئيسية[39]

CMA CGM Nevada في ميناء زيبروگ، بلجيكا.
و.م.ع : (وحدات مكافئة لعشرين قدم)
CMA CGM 2016
إجمالي العائد 16.0 بليون دولار
عدد الحاويات المحمولة 15.6 مليون و.م.ع*
إجمالي أسطول السفن 445
القدرة الإجمالية للإسطول 2.208 مليون و.م.ع*
الطاقم العالمي 29.000 موظف
الطاقم في فرنسا 4.500 موظف


الفروع

CMA CGM Tower في مارسيليا.

الأنشطة البحرية الأخرى:

  • الخطوط الوطنية الأسترالية (تعمل في أوقيانوسيا، آسيا، أوروپا والولايات المتحدة)
  • كوماناڤ (خدمات عبارات الركاب والحاويات من المغرب لأوروپا)
  • الخطوط الأمريكية (خطوط الحاويات عبر الهادي ومقرها الولايات المتحدة)
  • تشنگ-لي للملاحة (خط حاويات عبر آسيا مقره تايوان)
  • OPDR (شركة شورت سي للشحن)
  • APL/NOL (خط حاويات مقره سنغافورة)

أنشطة محطات:

  • Terminal Link - مطور ومشغل محطات حاويات، يحتل الترتيب 12 في العالم.
  • CMA Terminals Holding

أنشطة ولوجستيات الحاويات

  • Progeco (حاوية: مبيعات، إستئجار وإصلاح)
  • CMA CGM للوجستيات
  • ريال لنك (حلول للنقل بالسكك الحديدية)
  • River Shuttle Containers (Rhône – Saône axis containerised river transportation)

أنشطة دعم

  • CMA Ships (فرع مملوك بالكامل للشركة يشرف على أنشطة الأسطول)

شراكات

الأسطول

حاويات الشركة على قطار.

في 2016، كان أسطول الشرطة يتضمن:

  • 445 سفينة
  • 3,500,000 container TEUs
  • 325,000 reefer containers


مؤسسة الأطفال

في 2005، كان هدف مؤسسة الأطفال التابعة لشركة هو تحسين رفاهية الأطفال، الذي يتحدد في ثلاث أهداف مختلفة:

  • تحسين الحياة اليومية للأطفال المرضى.
  • تعزيز تكافؤ الفرص للأطفال القادمين من بيئات محرومة
  • تشجيع التنمية الشخصية للأطفال ذوي الإعاقة

انظر أيضاً

المصادر

  1. ^ "September 13, 1978 – September 13, 2022: 44 years of passion!". CMA CGM. 7 June 2023.
  2. ^ أ ب ت "2024 annual financial results". CMA CGM. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  3. ^ أ ب "Consolidated Financial Statements. Year ended December 31, 2021" (PDF). CMA CGM. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  4. ^ أ ب "BETTER WAYS, making supply chains more sustainable every day". CMA CGM. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  5. ^ "About Us". CMA CGM.
  6. ^ "Consolidated Financial Statements" (PDF). CMA CGM.
  7. ^ http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/rodolphe-saade-nouveau-directeur-general-de-cma-cgm.N499799
  8. ^ Careers at CMA CGM
  9. ^ "CMA CGM website".
  10. ^ "Contact." GMA CGM. Retrieved on 22 September 2011. "CMA CGM Marseille Head Office 4, quai d'Arenc 13235 Marseille cedex 02 France "
  11. ^ Renaud Lecade (2005-07-19). "Touché-coulé chez les frères Saadé" (in الفرنسية). Libération. Archived from the original (reprint) on 2006-02-08.
  12. ^ About Us Australian National Line
  13. ^ CMA CGM completes the acquisition of Delmas[dead link], Jan. 10, 2006, CMA CGM press release.
  14. ^ "CMA CGM consortium to buy Morocco's Comanav". FreightWaves (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 2007-03-25. Retrieved 2021-04-30.
  15. ^ "CMA CGM completes takeover of Morocco's Comanav". FreightWaves (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 2007-05-27. Retrieved 2021-04-30.
  16. ^ "The CMA CGM BENJAMIN FRANKLIN has arrived at the Port of L.A." www.cma-cgm.com. Retrieved 2016-02-23.
  17. ^ "The CMA CGM BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, the largest vessel ever to call the United States, will be inaugurated in Long Beach today". www.cma-cgm.com. Retrieved 2016-02-23.
  18. ^ "NOL to be delisted after France's CMA CGM crosses 90% ownership threshold". Archived from the original on June 28, 2016.
  19. ^ "CMA CGM closes on NOL takeover offer". www.joc.com. 18 July 2016.
  20. ^ Louppova, Julia (2017-06-14). "CMA CGM acquires Mercosul from Maersk Line". port.today (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2021-04-30.
  21. ^ "CMA CGM Wraps Up Acquisition of Containerships". Offshore Energy (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 2018-10-31. Retrieved 2021-04-30.
  22. ^ Paris, Costas (2019-02-12). "CMA CGM Pursues $1.65 Billion Deal for Ceva Logistics". Wall Street Journal (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  23. ^ Miller, John (2019-01-28). "France's CMA CGM launches offer to buy rest of CEVA Logistics shares". Reuters (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  24. ^ en, CMA CGM (November 14, 2019). "French Prime Minister Edouard Philippe inaugurates CEVA Logistics' new headquarters in Marseille".
  25. ^ "CMA CGM officially launches air cargo division with four A330-200Fs". The Loadstar. 2021-02-12. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  26. ^ "Air cargo: CMA CGM Air Cargo takes off on Europe-US trade lane". www.joc.com. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  27. ^ "Brittany Ferries and CMA CGM form a partnership in passenger and freight transport. – Brittany Ferries".
  28. ^ "Brittany Ferries and CMA CGM to enter commercial partnership". 14 September 2021.
  29. ^ "CMA CGM | Brittany Ferries and CMA CGM form a partnership in passenger and freight transport".
  30. ^ The Stat Times, April 3, 2023 Air France-KLM, CMA CGM launch air cargo partnershiphttps://www.stattimes.com/air-cargo/air-france-klm-cma-cgm-launch-air-cargo-partnership-1348336?infinitescroll=1
  31. ^ The Load Star CMA CGM losses were said to be at heart of 'divorce' from AF-KLM https://theloadstar.com/cma-cgm-losses-said-to-be-at-heart-of-divorce-from-af-klm/
  32. ^ Air France-KLM capital shareholding structure as of December 2022 https://www.airfranceklm.com/en/finance/air-france-klm-capital/shareholding-structure
  33. ^ CEVA Logistics of CMA CGM, reached an agreement with the board of directors of Wincanton American Journal of Transportation 19 January 2024
  34. ^ UK-based Wincanton accepts $718 million takeover offer from CEVA Logistics Journal of Commerce 19 January 2024
  35. ^ CMA CGM withdraws from bidding for Wincanton WorldCargo News 7 March 2024
  36. ^ "Robert Yildirim to retain 24% CMA CGM shareholding". Lloyd's List. November 14, 2017.
  37. ^ "CMA CGM's unstoppable rise in transport and logistics". May 8, 2023 – via Le Monde.
  38. ^ https://www.cmacgm-group.com/api/sites/default/files/2021-03/2020%20-%20Consolidated%20Accounts_1.pdf[bare URL PDF]
  39. ^ "Key Figures". CMA CGM.

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