جورج سيمنو

(تم التحويل من Georges Simenon)
"سيمنو" redirects here. For other uses, see سيمنو (توضيح).
جورج سيمنو
سيمنو في 1963
سيمنو في 1963
الاسم الأصليGeorges Simenon
وُلِدGeorges Joseph Christian Simenon
(1903-02-13)13 فبراير 1903
لييج، والونيا، بلجيكا
توفي4 سبتمبر 1989(1989-09-04) (aged 86)
لوزان، سويسرا
الاسم الأدبيG. Sim, Monsieur Le Coq
الوظيفةروائي
اللغةFrench
الجامعة الأمCollège Saint-Louis, Liège
جوائز بارزةAcadémie royale de Belgique (1952)
سنوات النشاط1919–1981
غلاف الطبعة العربية من رواية (الابن) من تأليف الكاتب جورج سيمنو

جورج سيمنو Georges Simenon (عاش 13 فبراير 1903 – 4 سبتمبر 1989) ، هو روائي بلجيكي،أسماه أندريه جيد: أعظم روائي في القرن العشرين، وقيل إن المفتش "ميغريه" الذي ابتكر شخصيته لا يزاحمه غير شيرلوك هولمز. وقد خلف 450 رواية، 193 منها باسمه، والباقي بأسماء مستعارة، و83 منها تدور حول المفتش ميغريه". إضافة إلى مئة ألف قصة قصيرة، وسيرة ذاتية أطلق عليها (إملاءات) في عشرين مجلدا من المجلدات الضخمة. وقد بيع له 550 مليون نسخة في 55 لغة ومازالت كتبه تطبع ويعاد طبعها.[1]

Born and raised in Liège, Belgium, Simenon lived for extended periods in France (1922–1945), the United States (1946–1955) and finally Switzerland (1957–1989). Much of his work is semi-autobiographical, inspired by his childhood and youth in Liège, extensive travels in Europe and the world, wartime experiences, troubled marriages, and numerous love affairs.

Critics such as John Banville have praised Simenon's novels for their psychological insights and vivid evocation of time and place. Among his most notable works are The Saint-Fiacre Affair (1932), Monsieur Hire's Engagement (1933), Act of Passion (1947), The Snow was Dirty (1948) and The Cat (1967).

النشأة والتعليم

26, Rue Leopold،المنزل الذي ولد فيه سيمنو0

Simenon was born at 26 Rue Léopold (Liège) (now number 24) to Désiré Simenon and Henriette Brüll. Désiré Simenon worked in an accounting office at an insurance company and had married Henriette in April 1902. Simenon was born either at 11.30 pm on Thursday 12 February 1903 (according to the birth certificate) or just after midnight on Friday 13th (the date possibly being falsified on the certificate due to superstition).[2]

The Simenon family was of Walloon and Flemish ancestry, settling in the Belgian Limburg in the seventeenth century.[3] His mother's family was of Flemish, Dutch and German descent. One of his mother's most notorious ancestors was Gabriel Brühl, a criminal who preyed on Limburg from the 1720s until he was hanged in 1743.[3] Later Simenon would use Brühl as one of his many pen names.[4]

In April 1905, two years after Simenon's birth, the family moved to 3 rue Pasteur (now 25 rue Georges Simenon) in Liège's Outremeuse (fr) neighbourhood. Simenon's brother Christian was born in September 1906 and eventually became their mother's favourite child, which Simenon resented.[5] The young Simenon, however, idolised his father and later claimed to have partly modelled Maigret's temperament on him.[6]

At the age of three, Simenon learned to read at the Ecole Guardienne run by the Sisters of Notre Dame. Then, between 1908 and 1914, he attended the Institut Saint-André, run by the Christian Brothers.[7]

In 1911 the Simenons moved to 53 rue de la Loi, where they took in lodgers, many of them students from Eastern Europe, Jews and political refugees.[8] This gave the young Simenon an introduction to the wider world, which was later reflected his novels, notably Pedigree (published 1948) and Le Locataire (The Lodger) (1938).

Following the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, Liège was occupied by the German army. Henriette took in German officers as lodgers, much to Désiré's disapproval. Simenon later said that the war years provided some of the happiest times of his life. They were also memorable for a child because "my father cheated, my mother cheated, everyone cheated."[9]

In October 1914 Simenon began his studies at the Collège Saint-Louis, a Jesuit high school. After a year he switched to Collège St Servais, where he studied for three years. He excelled at French, but his marks in other subjects declined. He read widely in the Russian, French and English classics, frequently played truant, and turned to petty theft in order to buy pastries and other war-time luxuries.[10]

In 1917 the Simenon family moved to a former post-office building in the rue des Maraîchers.[11] Using his father's heart condition as a pretext, Simenon left school in June 1918 without taking his end-of-year exams.[12] After brief periods working in a pâtisserie and a bookshop, Simenon found himself unemployed when the war ended in November 1918. He witnessed scenes of violent retribution against residents of Liège accused of collaboration, which stayed with him for the rest of his life. He described these scenes in Pedigree and Les trois crimes de mes amis (My Friends' Three Crimes) (1938).[13]

بدايته في مهنة الكتابة

في فرنسا، 1922-1945

في الولايات المتحدة وكندا، 1945-1955

العودة إلى أوروبا، 1955-1989

سيمنو، 1963

أعماله

The 100 Years of Georges Simenon coin


الكتب

  • The Crime at Lock 14 (1931) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118728-X)
  • The Yellow Dog (1931) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118734-4)
  • The Madman of Bergerac (1932) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118726-3)
  • The Bar on the Seine (1932) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-102588-3)
  • The Engagement (Les Fiançailles de M. Hire, 1933) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 1-59017-228-0)
  • Tropic Moon (Coup de Lune, 1933) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 1-59017-111-X)
  • The Man Who Watched the Trains Go By (Homme qui regardait passer les trains, 1938) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 1-59017-149-7)
  • Liberty Bar (1940) (tr. Geoffrey Sainsbury) in: Maigret Travels South. vi, 312 pp. [with: The Madman of Bergerac]. George Routledge & Sons. London.
  • The Strangers in the House (Les Inconnus dans la maison, 1940) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 1-59017-194-2)
  • The Hotel Majestic (1942) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118731-X)
  • The Widow (La Veuve Couderc, 1942) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 978-1-59017-261-2)
  • Inspector Cadaver (1943) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118725-5)
  • Monsieur Monde Vanishes (La Fuite de Monsieur Monde, 1945) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 1-59017-096-2)
  • Three Bedrooms in Manhattan (Trois Chambres à Manhattan, 1945) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 1-59017-044-X)
  • Act of Passion (Lettre à mon juge, 1947)
  • Dirty Snow (La Neige était sale, 1948) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 1-59017-043-1)
  • Pedigree (1948) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 978-1-59017-351-0)
  • My Friend Maigret (1949) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-102586-7)
  • The Friend of Madame Maigret (1950) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118740-9)
  • Maigret's Memoirs (1951) (English translation 1963, A Helen and Kurt Wolff Book, ISBN 0-15-155148-0)
  • The Man on the Boulevard (1953) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-102590-5)
  • Big Bob (1954)
  • Red Lights (Feux Rouges, 1953) (New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 1-59017-193-4)
  • A Man's Head (1955) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-102589-1)
  • The Rules of the Game (1955)
  • Maigret has Scruples (1958) (Harcourt Inc., ISBN 0-15-655160-8)
  • The Little Man from Archangel (1957) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118771-9)
  • The Train (Le Train,1958) (Melville House Publishing, ISBN 978-1-935554-46-2)
  • None of Maigret's Business (1958) (translated by Richard Brain from Maigrets' Amuse, published for the Crime Club by Dougbleday & Company Inc, Garden City, New York, Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 58-7367)
  • The Widower (1959) (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, published 1982, ISBN 0-15-196644-3)
  • Maigret in Court (1960) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118729-8)
  • Maigret and the Idle Burglar (1961) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118772-7)
  • Maigret and the Ghost (1964) (Penguin Classics UK, ISBN 0-14-118727-1)
  • Maigret and the Bum (1963) (Harcourt Inc., ISBN 0-15-602839-5)
  • The Cat (1967) (translation 1972, Bernard Frechtman, Hamish Hamilton Great Britain)
  • Maigret's Boyhood Friend (1968) (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., translation Eileen Ellenbogen, 1970)
  • Maigret and Monsieur Charles (1972) (translation 1973, Marianne Alexandre Sinclair, Hamish Hamilton Great Britain)
  • The Disappearance of Odile (1971) (translation 1972, Lyn Moir, Hamish Hamilton Great Britain)
  • The Bottom of the Bottle (1977) (Hamilton, USA ISBN 0-241-89681-9 ISBN 9780241896815) *The Bottom of the Bottle was originally published by Signet New York in 1954.

أفلام مبنية على أعماله

Simenon's work has been widely adapted to cinema and television. He is credited on at least 171 productions.[14] الأفلام البارزة:

الهوامش

  1. ^ "الابن ـ جورج سيمنون - رواية بوليسية". منتدى روايتي. Retrieved 2012-08-01.
  2. ^ Marnham, Patrick (1994). The Man who Wasn't Maigret, a portrait of Georges Simenon. Harvest Books. pp. 10–11. ISBN 0156000598.
  3. ^ أ ب Marnham (1994). pp. 14, 311-13, 324
  4. ^ "15" (PDF). UT Dallas. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  5. ^ Marnham (1994). pp. 30-31
  6. ^ Marnham (1994). p. 29
  7. ^ Marnham (1994). p. 32
  8. ^ Marnham (1994). pp. 34-35
  9. ^ Marnham (1994). pp. 39-43
  10. ^ Marnham (1994). pp. 45-48
  11. ^ Marnham (1994). p. 43
  12. ^ Marnham (1994). pp. 51-52
  13. ^ Marnham (1994). pp. 53-54, 212
  14. ^ Georges Simenon

وصلات خارجية

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قالب:Georges Simenon قالب:Maigret

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