هيمى‌جي Himeji

Coordinates: 34°49′N 134°41′E / 34.817°N 134.683°E / 34.817; 134.683
(تم التحويل من Himeji)
لمعلومات عن the asteroid، انظر 29199 Himeji.
هيمى‌جي
姫路市
Core city
Himeji Castle Nada Fighting Festival, Engyō-ji View from the castle, Ieshima, Mt. Seppiko
Himeji Castle
Nada Fighting Festival, Engyō-ji
View from the castle, Ieshima, Mt. Seppiko
علم هيمى‌جي
Flag
الختم الرسمي لـ هيمى‌جي
Emblem
Location of Himeji in Hyōgo Prefecture
Location of Himeji in Hyōgo Prefecture
هيمى‌جي is located in اليابان
هيمى‌جي
هيمى‌جي
Location in Japan
الإحداثيات: 34°49′N 134°41′E / 34.817°N 134.683°E / 34.817; 134.683
CountryJapan
RegionKansai
PrefectureHyōgo
الحكومة
 • MayorHideyasu Kiyomoto (from April 2019)
المساحة
 • الإجمالي534٫35 كم² (206٫31 ميل²)
التعداد
 (June 1, 2022)
 • الإجمالي525٬682
 • الكثافة980/km2 (2٬500/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيتUTC+09:00 (JST)
City hall address4-1 Yasuda, Himeji-shi, Hyōgo-ken 670-8501
ClimateCfa
الموقع الإلكترونيOfficial website
رموز
BirdWhite Heron
FlowerPecteilis radiata
TreeEvergreen Oak
مبنى مدينة هيمى‌جي

هيمى‌جي (姫路市, Himeji-shi, : [çi(ꜜ)meʑi, çimeʑiꜜɕi][1]) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. اعتبارا من 1 يونيو 2022 (2022-06-01), the city had an estimated population of 525,682 in 227,099 households and a population density of 980 persons per km2.[2] The total area of the city is 534.35 متر كيلومربع (206.31 sq mi).[2]

الجغرافيا

Himeji is located in the central western part of the Harima Plain in the western part of Hyogo Prefecture, and is the central city of the Harima region of the prefecture. The Ichikawa River is located in the central eastern part of the city, and the Senba River and Noda River are located in the center. The Ieshima Islands in the Seto Inland Sea are within the city limits and are located off the coast of Harima Bay. The city is surrounded by the mountains and the sea.

البلديات المجاورة

Hyōgo Prefecture

المناخ

Himeji has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with hot summers and cool winters. Summers are significantly wetter than winters. The average annual temperature in Himeji is 15.6 °C (60.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1،254.7 mm (49.40 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.8 °C (82.0 °F), and lowest in January, at around 4.4 °C (39.9 °F).[3] The highest temperature ever recorded in Himeji was 38.0 °C (100.4 °F) on 31 August 2020; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −10.0 °C (14.0 °F) on 24 January 1963.[4]

بيانات المناخ لـ هيمى‌جي (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1948−present)
الشهر ينا فب مار أبر ماي يون يول أغس سبت أكت نوف ديس السنة
القصوى القياسية °س (°ف) 17.5
(63.5) 		21.6
(70.9) 		23.3
(73.9) 		28.0
(82.4) 		31.8
(89.2) 		34.9
(94.8) 		37.3
(99.1) 		38.0
(100.4) 		36.6
(97.9) 		32.4
(90.3) 		26.4
(79.5) 		21.5
(70.7) 		38.0
(100.4)
متوسط القصوى اليومية °س (°ف) 9.6
(49.3) 		10.4
(50.7) 		13.8
(56.8) 		19.1
(66.4) 		23.7
(74.7) 		26.8
(80.2) 		30.5
(86.9) 		32.5
(90.5) 		28.6
(83.5) 		23.1
(73.6) 		17.3
(63.1) 		11.9
(53.4) 		20.6
(69.1)
المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) 4.4
(39.9) 		5.0
(41.0) 		8.3
(46.9) 		13.6
(56.5) 		18.5
(65.3) 		22.4
(72.3) 		26.4
(79.5) 		27.8
(82.0) 		23.8
(74.8) 		17.9
(64.2) 		11.9
(53.4) 		6.6
(43.9) 		15.6
(60.0)
متوسط الدنيا اليومية °س (°ف) 0.2
(32.4) 		0.5
(32.9) 		3.2
(37.8) 		8.2
(46.8) 		13.5
(56.3) 		18.5
(65.3) 		23.0
(73.4) 		24.0
(75.2) 		19.8
(67.6) 		13.4
(56.1) 		7.3
(45.1) 		2.4
(36.3) 		11.2
(52.1)
الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) −10.0
(14.0) 		−7.8
(18.0) 		−7.6
(18.3) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		1.5
(34.7) 		7.9
(46.2) 		13.0
(55.4) 		14.3
(57.7) 		8.9
(48.0) 		1.7
(35.1) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		−7.4
(18.7) 		−10.0
(14.0)
متوسط تساقط الأمطار mm (inches) 36.9
(1.45) 		48.6
(1.91) 		92.0
(3.62) 		104.7
(4.12) 		127.3
(5.01) 		160.4
(6.31) 		184.3
(7.26) 		105.4
(4.15) 		177.8
(7.00) 		108.7
(4.28) 		61.2
(2.41) 		47.5
(1.87) 		1٬254٫7
(49.40)
متوسط هطول الثلج cm (inches) 1
(0.4) 		4
(1.6) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		1
(0.4) 		6
(2.4)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 4.7 6.0 8.7 8.8 9.0 10.8 10.3 7.0 9.3 7.5 5.5 5.3 92.9
متوسط الرطوبة النسبية (%) 70 69 67 66 70 75 78 73 74 73 73 72 72
Mean monthly ساعات سطوع الشمس 149.1 142.5 173.7 191.8 203.1 156.0 172.1 209.9 158.8 167.4 154.8 155.1 2٬034٫4
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[4][3]

السكان

Per Japanese census data, the population of Himeji in 2020 is 530,495 people.[5] Himeji has been conducting censuses since 1920.

التعداد التاريخي
السنةتعداد±%
1920 209٬208—    
1925 221٬240+5.8%
1930 232٬805+5.2%
1935 244٬556+5.0%
1940 270٬719+10.7%
1945 308٬321+13.9%
1950 325٬329+5.5%
1955 348٬365+7.1%
1960 372٬824+7.0%
1965 412٬507+10.6%
1970 447٬666+8.5%
1975 479٬360+7.1%
1980 494٬825+3.2%
1985 506٬101+2.3%
1990 509٬129+0.6%
1995 527٬854+3.7%
2000 534٬969+1.3%
2005 536٬232+0.2%
2010 536٬338+0.0%
2015 535٬664−0.1%
2020 530٬495−1.0%
Himeji population statistics[5]

التاريخ

Himeji has been the center of Harima Province since the Nara period, and was the location of the provincial capital and Harima Kokubun-ji. After the Battle of Sekigahara, Ikeda Terumasa received a fief at Harima Province and established the Himeji Domain. He expanded Himeji Castle and its castle town. Due to its location dominating the San'yōdō highway connecting the Kinai region with western Japan, Himeji was a major stronghold of the Tokugawa shogunate through the Bakumatsu period. Following the Meiji restoration, Himeji was the capital of "Himeji Prefecture" (later Shikama Prefecture) from 1871, which was merged into Hyōgo Prefecture in 1876. The city of Himeji was established on April 1, 1889, with the creation of the modern municipalities system. After the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, the Japanese government reportedly considered moving the nation's capital from Tokyo to Himeji. On April 1, 1996, Himeji attained Core city status, with increased local autonomy.

On March 27, 2006, the town of Yasutomi (from Shisō District), the town of Kōdera (from Kanzaki District), and the towns of Ieshima and Yumesaki (both from Shikama District) were merged into Himeji.

الغارات الجوية

During World War II, Himeji was a target for the United States' XXI Bomber Command as it was an important rail terminal and contained two large military zones. The first air raid occurred on June 22, 1945 at 0950, in which 60 B-29 Superfortress bombers centered on an area containing a Kawanishi Aircraft Company factory. The bombing killed 341 people and rendered 10,220 homeless. The second attack occurred on July 3, 1945, at 16:23, 107 aircraft dropped 767 tons of incendiary bombs on Himeji, destroying 63.3% of the built up areas of the city.[6] However, the famous Himeji Castle, although blackened by smoke from the burning city, remained unscathed, even with one firebomb being dropped on it.[7] This attack killed 173 people, severely wounded 160, and resulted in the destruction of 10,300 buildings, rendering 45,182 people homeless.

الحكومة

Himeji has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 46 members. Himeji contributes eight members to the Hyogo Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between the Hyōgo 11th and Hyōgo 12th districts of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

عُمَد مدينة هيمى‌جي (1889–الحاضر)

الاقتصاد

Himeji is located within the Hanshin Industrial Area and Harima Seaside Industrial Areas. The coastal region is heavily industrialized, with steel mills, chemical plants, semiconductor and automobile electronics predominating. In addition, Kansai Electric Power's Himeji No. 1 Power Station and Himeji No. 2 Power Station are located in the area. The northern two-thirds of the city is mainly agricultural and commercial fishing off the southern seacoast also plays a role in the economy. Traditional crafts include the production of butsudan (Buddhist altars), leather crafts, glue, matchmaking and candles.

التعليم

Colleges and universities

المدارس الابتدائية والثانوية

Himeji has 66 public elementary schools, 32 public middle schools and three public high schools operated by the city government and 13 public high schools operated by the Hyōgo Prefectural Department of Education. There are also four private combined middle/high schools. There are also four special education school for the handicapped, one operated by the city and three by the prefecture.

A North Korean school, Seiban North Korean Elementary and Middle School (西播朝鮮初中級学校), can also be found in the city.[8]

النقل

السكك الحديدية

San'yō Shinkansen running through the city of Himeji

Shinkansen jrw.svg JR West – San'yō Shinkansen

JR logo (west).svg JR West – San'yō Main Line (JR Kobe Line)

JR logo (west).svg JR West – Bantan Line

JR logo (west).svg JR West – Kishin Line

Sanyo electric railway logo-5.svg Sanyo Electric Railway - Main Line

Sanyo electric railway logo-5.svg Sanyo Electric Railway - Aboshi Line

Highways

العبّارا

  • Bozeki Kisen: Himeji Kazuma Port - Tanga Island - Boze Island
  • Kosoku Ieshima: Himeji Kazuma Port - Iejima
  • Shodoshima Ferry: Himeji Kazuma Port-Fukuda Port (Shōdoshima)
  • Takafuku Liner: Himeji Kazuma Port - Iejima

العلاقات الدولية

انظر أيضاً: List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan

Himeji is twinned or has sister city relationships with six international cities and two Japanese cities, as well as a sister castle located in France. Himeji has a particularly strong relationship with Phoenix, Arizona, as teachers from America are able to teach English abroad for 1–2 years. Additionally, the Youth Ambassador Exchange Program allows for both Japanese and American high school students to experience the cultures and languages of their respective countries for 3 weeks.[9]

المدن الشقيقة

حول العالم

اليابان

القلاع الشقيقة

المعالم المحلية

أبرز الأشخاص

المراجع

  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, ed. (24 May 2016). NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in اليابانية). NHK Publishing.
  2. ^ أ ب "Himeji city official statistics" (PDF) (in اليابانية). Japan.
  3. ^ أ ب 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
  4. ^ أ ب 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
  5. ^ أ ب Himeji population statistics
  6. ^ 21st Bomber Command Tactical Mission Report 247, 250, Ocr
  7. ^ "David Millet". Archived from the original on 2020-11-28. Retrieved 2016-04-07.
  8. ^ ウリハッキョ一覧. Chongryon. Archived from the original on December 19, 2015. Retrieved October 14, 2015..
  9. ^ Sister Cities Archived 2014-07-12 at the Wayback Machine. City of Himeji. Retrieved August 24, 2008. (in يابانية)
  10. ^ "Phoenix Sister Cities". Phoenix Sister Cities. Archived from the original on 2013-07-24. Retrieved 2013-08-06.
  11. ^ "Conwy and Himeji castles' twinning starts "beautiful friendship"". BBC News. November 7, 2019.
  12. ^ "A hilltop white heron 400 years old". The Daily Yomiuri. Archived from the original on March 2, 2007. Retrieved July 5, 2010.
  13. ^ "Himeji Castle starts its renovation in April". Official Tourism Guide for Japan Travel. Archived from the original on مارس 24, 2011. Retrieved يوليو 1, 2010.
  14. ^ "Himeji Castle". Japan Atlas. Retrieved July 5, 2010.

وصلات خارجية

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Himeji.

قالب:Hyogo

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