محافظة توتوري

Coordinates: 35°26′56″N 133°45′58″E / 35.449°N 133.766°E / 35.449; 133.766
(تم التحويل من Tottori Prefecture)
"Tottori, Japan" redirects here. For the city, see Tottori (city).
محافظة توتـّوري
鳥取県
Tottori Prefecture
Prefecture
الترجمة اللفظية بالـ ja
 • اليابانية鳥取県
 • روماجيTottori-ken
كثبان رمال توتوري بالقرب من مدينة توتوري، المقصد السياحي الشهير في محافظة توتوري
كثبان رمال توتوري بالقرب من مدينة توتوري، المقصد السياحي الشهير في محافظة توتوري
علم محافظة توتـّوري
Flag
الشعار الرسمي لـ محافظة توتـّوري
Symbol
النشيد: Wakiagaru chikara
محافظة توتـّوريموقع
الإحداثيات: 35°26′56″N 133°45′58″E / 35.449°N 133.766°E / 35.449; 133.766
البلداليابان
المنطقةچوگوكو (San'in)
الجزيرهونشو
العاصمةتوتـّوري
التقسيماتDistricts: 5، Municipalities: 19
الحكومة
 • GovernorShinji Hirai
المساحة
 • الإجمالي3٬507٫13 كم² (1٬354٫11 ميل²)
ترتيب المساحة41st
التعداد
 (July 1, 2023)
 • الإجمالي538٬525
 • الترتيب47th
 • الكثافة154/km2 (400/sq mi)
 • اللهجات
Inshū・Kurayoshi・West Hōki
GDP
[1]
 • TotalJP¥ 1,893 billion
US$ 17.4 billion (2019)
ISO 3166 codeJP-31
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.pref.tottori.lg.jp
رموز
BirdMandarin duck (Aix galericulata)
FlowerNijisseiki nashi pear blossom (Pyrus pyrifolia)
TreeDaisenkyaraboku (Taxus cuspidata)

محافظة توتـّوري (鳥取県, [توتـّوري-كن] Error: {{nihongo}}: transliteration text not Latin script (pos 1: ت) (help)) هي محافظة في اليابان تقع في منطقة چوگوكو في جزيرة هونشو.[2] العاصمة هي مدينة توتـّوري.[3] وهي أقل المحافظات اليابان سكاناً بتعداد 538,525 (2023) and has a geographic area of 3،507.13 متر كيلومربع (1،354.11 sq mi). محافظة توتوري يحدها محافظة شيمانى إلى الغرب، محافظة هيروشيما إلى الجنوب الغربي، محافظة أوكاياما إلى الجنوب، و محافظة هيوگو إلى الشرق.

Tottori is the capital and largest city of Tottori Prefecture, with other major cities including Yonago, Kurayoshi, and Sakaiminato.[4] Tottori Prefecture is home to the Tottori Sand Dunes, the largest sand dunes system in Japan, and Mount Daisen, the highest peak in the Chūgoku Mountains.

أصل الاسم

The word "Tottori" in Japanese is formed from two kanji characters. The first, 鳥, means "bird" and the second, 取 means "to get". Early residents in the area made their living catching the region's plentiful waterfowl. The name first appears in the Nihon shoki in the 23rd year of the Emperor Suinin (213 AD) when Yukuha Tana, an elder from the Izumo, visits the emperor. The imperial Prince Homatsu-wake was unable to speak, despite being 30 years of age.

"Yukuha Tana presented the swan to the emperor. Homatsu-wake no Mikoto played with this swan and at last learned to speak. Therefore, Yukaha Tana was liberally rewarded, and was granted the title of Tottori no Miyakko." (Aston, translation)[5]

التاريخ

انظر أيضاً: قائمة المواقع التاريخية في اليابان (توتوري)

التاريخ المبكر

Tottori Prefecture was settled very early in the prehistoric period of Japan, as evidenced by remains from the Jōmon period (14,000 – 300 BC).[6] The prefecture has the remains of the largest known Yayoi period (300 BC – 250 AD) settlement in Japan, the Mukibanda Yayoi remains, located in the low foothills of Mount Daisen[7] in the cities of Daisen and Yonago.[8] Numerous kofun tumuli from the Kofun period (250 – 538) are located across the prefecture.[9] In 645, under the Taika reforms, the area in present-day Tottori Prefecture became two provinces, Hōki and Inaba.[10]

التاريخ اللاحق

During the Genpei War (1180–1185) between the Taira and Minamoto clans in the late-Heian period, Tottori became a base for anti-Taira forces, specifically at two temples, Daisen-ji and Sanbutsu-ji. By the beginning of the Kamakura period (1185–1333) shōen estates were established to directly support the Imperial court and various temples. Successive clans controlled the region during the Sengoku period (15th to 17th century), most notably the Yamana clan, but after the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 the region was pacified. The Tokugawa shogunate installed the Ikeda clan at Tottori Castle. The clan retained control of the area until throughout the Edo period (1603–1868) and the resources of the area financially and materially supported the shogunate.[11]

التاريخ الحديث

The two provinces remained in place until the Meiji Restoration in 1868, and the boundaries of Tottori Prefecture were established in 1888.[6] After the occupation of Korea and Taiwan in the 20th century, and the establishment of the Manchukuo puppet state in 1932, Tottori's harbors on the Japan Sea served as an active transit point for goods between Japan and the colonial areas. Before the end of World War II the prefecture was hit by a massive magnitude 7.2 earthquake, the 1943 Tottori earthquake, which destroyed 80% of the city of Tottori, and greatly damaged the surrounding area. In the postwar period land reform was carried out in the prefecture, resulting in a great increase of agricultural production.[11]

الجغرافيا

خريطة محافظة توتوري
     City      Town      Village
انظر أيضاً: قائمة المدن في محافظة توتوري حسب التعداد
About OpenStreetMaps
Maps: terms of use
30km
19miles
4
3
2
1
المدن في محافظة توتوري
1
كورايوشي
2
ساكائيمي‌ناتو
3
Tottori(capital)
4
يوناگو
مدينة توتوري
Sakaiminato

Tottori is home to the Tottori Sand Dunes, Japan's only large dune system. As of 1 April 2012, 14% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks, namely the Daisen-Oki and Sanin Kaigan National Parks; Hiba-Dōgo-Taishaku and Hyōnosen-Ushiroyama-Nagisan Quasi-National Parks; and Misasa-Tōgōko, Nishi Inaba, and Okuhino Prefectural Natural Parks.[12]

Mount Misumi is located within the former area of Mochigase that was merged into the city of Tottori in 2004.

المدن

خريطة محافظة توتـّوري

أربع مدن تقع في محافظة توتـّوري:

البلدات والقرى

Towns and villages in each district:

Hino
Kōfu
Nichinan
Iwami
Daisen
Hiezu
Hōki
Nanbu
Hokuei
Kotoura
Misasa
Yurihama
Chizu
Wakasa
يازو

الاقتصاد

محافظة توتوري هي زراعية بكثافة وتـٌشحن محاصيلها إلى المدن الكبرى في اليابان. المحاصيل الشهيرة بالمحافظة تضم nashi pear, يام ناگايمو، البصل الأخضر الياباني، نگي، والبطيخ. كما أن المحافظة هي منتج رئيسي للأرز.

اللغة

Historically, the region had extensive linguistic diversity. While the standard Tokyo dialect of the Japanese language is now used in Tottori Prefecture, several other dialects are also used. Many of them are grouped with Western Japanese, and include the Chugoku and Umpaku dialects.[13]

الرياضة

Axis Bird Stadium.

The sports teams listed below are based in Tottori.

التعليم

الجامعات

الكليات

الأماكن الملحوظة

مدينة توتوري

Sunaba Coffee House, a well known Coffeehouse in Tottori

Daisen

Panoramic view of Mount Daisen, Yonago

Daisen and Yonago

Yonago and Sakaiminato

View of Sakaiminato Mizuki Shigeru Memorial Hall and Character's Statue

Misasa

Sakaiminato

Iwami

تشيزو

Nanbu

النقل

السكك الحديدية

الطرق

Expressway and toll roads

  • 　Tottori Expressway
  • 　Yonago Expressway
  • 　Sanin Expressway
  • 　Shidosaka Pass Road
  • 　Tottori-Toyooka-Miyazu Road

National highways

  • Route 9
  • Route 29 (Tottori-Shiso-Himeji)
  • Route 53 (Tottori-Tsuyama-Okayama)
  • Route 178
  • Route 179
  • Route 180
  • Route 181 (Yonago-Niimi-Okayama)
  • Route 183
  • Route 313
  • Route 373
  • Route 431
  • Route 482

الموانئ

المطارات

رموز المحافظة

The symbol is derived from the first mora in Japanese for "と" combined with the picture of a flying bird, and symbolizes peace, liberty, and the advancement of the Tottori Prefecture. It was enacted in 1968 to celebrate the 100th year from the first year of the Meiji Era.

الهامش

  1. ^ "2020年度国民経済計算（2015年基準・2008SNA） : 経済社会総合研究所 – 内閣府". 内閣府ホームページ (in اليابانية). Retrieved 2023-05-18.
  2. ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Tottori Prefecture" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 990, p. 990, في كتب گوگل; "Chūgoku" at p. 127, p. 127, في كتب گوگل.
  3. ^ Nussbaum, "Tottori" at p. 990, p. 990, في كتب گوگل.
  4. ^ Nussbaum, "Tottori" at p. 990, p. 990, في كتب گوگل.
  5. ^ "XXX", Nihongi; chronicles of Japan from the earliest times to A.D. 697 (1st Tuttle ed.), Rutland, Vt.: C.E. Tuttle Co., 1972, p. 175, ISBN 978-0-8048-0984-9, OCLC 354027 
  6. ^ أ ب "Tottori Prefecture". Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-04-07.
  7. ^ Muki-Banda Remains Archived 2012-09-04 at archive.today
  8. ^ "Mukibanda-iseki (妻木晩田遺跡)". Nihon Rekishi Chimei Taikei (日本歴史地名大系) (in اليابانية). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-04-07.
  9. ^ "Tottori Plain". Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-04-07.
  10. ^ Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" in p. 780, p. 780, في كتب گوگل.
  11. ^ أ ب "Tottori-ken (鳥取県)". Nihon Daihyakka Zensho (Nipponika) (日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ) (in اليابانية). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-04-07.
  12. ^ "General overview of area figures for Natural Parks by prefecture" (PDF). Ministry of the Environment. Retrieved 31 August 2012.
  13. ^ "Tottori-ken: seikatsu bunka (鳥取（県）: 生活文化)". Nihon Daihyakka Zensho (Nipponika) (日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ) (in اليابانية). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-04-07.

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Tottori

الكلمات الدالة:
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