سانـِّس Sandnes

Coordinates: 58°51′06″N 05°44′10″E / 58.85167°N 5.73611°E / 58.85167; 5.73611
هذا المقال هو عن البلدية في روگالاند، النرويج. إذا كنت تريد الاستخدامات الأخرى، انظر سانـِّس (توضيح).
بلدية سانِّس
Sandnes kommune
مدينة وبلدية
View of the city from the south
View of the city from the south
علم بلدية سانِّس
Flag
درع بلدية سانِّس
Coat of arms
بلدية سانِّسموقع
بلدية سانِّس is located in Rogaland
بلدية سانِّس
بلدية سانِّس
بلدية سانِّس is located in Norway
بلدية سانِّس
بلدية سانِّس
الإحداثيات: 58°51′06″N 05°44′10″E / 58.85167°N 5.73611°E / 58.85167; 5.73611
البلدالنرويج
البلديةSandnes
المقاطعةروگالاند
DistrictJæren
مدينة6 April 1861
الحكومة
 • العمدةKenny Rettore (H)
المساحة
 • البلدية1٬040٫56 كم² (401٫76 ميل²)
 • البر943٫56 كم² (364٫31 ميل²)
ترتيب المساحة109
التعداد
 (2023)
 • البلدية83٬382
 • الكثافة80/km2 (210/sq mi)
 • Urban
237٬369
 • العمرانية
360٬000
 • ترتيب البلدية/ الحضر
السابعة/3rd
 • الترتيب الحضري
الثالثة
صفة المواطنSandnesgauk
Sandnesbu
Sandneser
Language forms
 • Official formمحايدة
منطقة التوقيتUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.sandnes.kommune.no

سانـِّس (Sandnes ؛ : [ˈsɑ̂nːeːs] [[Media:Sandnes.ogg|صوت]]) هي مدينة وبلدية في روگالاند، النرويج. وتقع إلى الجنوب مباشرة من ستاڤانگر، وهي رابع أكبر بلدية في النرويج، ومع منطقة ستاڤانگر/سانـِّس فهي ثالث أكبر منطقة حضرية في النرويج. وتقع مدينة سانِّس الحضرية في جزء الغرب الأقصى من البلدية الشاسعة وتشكل نحو 5% من إجمالي مساحة البلدية.

Sandnes is part of the traditional district of Jæren. The western part of the municipality is very urbanized while the eastern part of the municipality is very rural. The municipality is divided into 13 boroughs and the administrative centre is located in the borough of Trones og Sentrum, a borough in the city. There are several villages in the rural parts of the municipality including Hommersåk, Høle, Foss-Eikeland, Stokka, Forsand, Lysebotn, and Vatne.

The 1،041-متر-كيلومربع (402 sq mi) municipality is the 109th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Sandnes is the 7th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 83,382 in 2023.[1] The municipality's population density is 84.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (218/sq mi) and its population has increased by 20.8% over the previous 10-year period.[2][3]

التاريخ

خريطة منطقة ستاڤانگر/سانـِّس
منظر قرية Hommersåk

The small port village of Sandnes was granted ladested (small seaport city) status in 1860. On 6 April 1861, the small city was separated from the municipality of Høyland to form a separate self-governing municipality of its own. Initially, the municipality had 440 residents.

On 1 July 1957, a small part of Høyland municipality (population: 18) was transferred to the city of Sandnes.[4]

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1965, the city and municipality of Sandnes (population: 3,961) was merged with the municipality of Høyland (population: 20,353) and parts of the municipalities of Høle (population: 926) and Hetland (population: 2,077).[4]

In 2014, the Storting decided that the number of municipalities in Norway would be lowered. If the municipalities of Sandnes, Stavanger and Sola were to merge, a new municipality would be formed called Nord-Jæren, after the name of the geographical location the municipalities are located in. After the city council said no to the merge, proposals for Forsand to merge with Sandnes were enacted instead.

On 1 January 2017, a small 350-ديكار (86-acre) area on the southwestern edge of the village of Solakrossen was transferred from Sandnes municipality to the neighboring municipality of Sola.[5]

On 1 January 2020, most of the neighboring municipality of Forsand was merged with Sandnes to form one large municipality called Sandnes.[6]

الاسم

The municipality (and city) is named after an old Sandnæs farm, since the city was built on its grounds. The first element is sand which means 'sand' or 'sandy beach' and the last element is nes which means 'headland'. The farm was located at the end of the Gandsfjorden where the city centre is located today.[7]

الدرع

منظر المدينة في 2008

The coat of arms, granted on 21 April 1972, shows a white piece of pottery against a green background. Pottery was chosen since it was one of the main industries in the late 18th century. The symbol is a leirgauk, which in English would be a ceramic cuckoo bird (leir(e), 'clay, ceramic' and gauk/gjøk, 'cuckoo bird'). The ceramic Sandnes cuckoo (نرويجية: sandnesgauk) is an ocarina or simple flute which was made by the potteries in Sandnes and used to advertise their products. Later it also became a nickname for people from Sandnes.[8]

الجغرافيا

The municipality lies in the Jæren region and stretches 90 كيلومتر (56 mi) nearly from the west coast of Norway to the rugged mountainous interior. The city of Sandnes is located at the base of the Stavanger Peninsula, about 15 كيلومتر (9.3 mi) south of the city of Stavanger, and these two cities have expanded so as to form a conurbation. The municipality of Sola is located to the west, Klepp and Time, Gjesdal to the south, Sirdal and Bykle to the east, Strand and Hjelmeland to the northeast, and Stavanger to the northwest. The fjord Gandsfjorden is situated north–south at the west end of the municipality and the Høgsfjorden and Lysefjorden dominate the eastern part of the municipality. The international airport for Sandnes/Stavanger is situated in Sola, just to the west of Sandnes.

Prior to 2020 (when the municipality was enlarged), the city-municipality of Sandnes was divided into 13 boroughs: Austrått, Figgjo, Ganddal, Hana, Høle, Lura, Malmheim og Soma, Riska, Sandved, Stangeland, Sviland, and Trones og Sentrum.

The landscape of western Sandnes is quite flat. On the long west coast there are several beaches and further inland the land is raised to form low plains with some small peaks rising up to 400 إلى 500 متر (1،300 إلى 1،600 ft) above sea level. From Stavanger and Sandnes it is approximately one hour by car to alpine and skiing resorts. In Sandnes there are some easily accessible small mountain peaks, such as Dalsnuten and Lifjell, with a view over the Sandnes/Stavanger area. The renowned Lysefjorden is also easily accessible by car or boat. The lake Frøylandsvatnet, the river Figgjoelva, and the mountain Hanafjellet are all located in Sandnes.

The Lysefjorden in the eastern part of the municipality is surrounded by very steep 1،000-متر (3،300 ft) tall cliffs such as Kjerag and Preikestolen, with the Lysefjord Bridge crossing the fjord near the western end. The famous Kjeragbolten boulder and Kjeragfossen waterfall are located along the inner part of the fjord. The village of Lysebotn lies at the eastern end of the fjord. The lake Nilsebuvatnet is located high up in the mountains, north of Lysebotn on the border of Strand and Forsand municipalities. It is regulated for hydroelectric power use at the Lysebotn Hydroelectric Power Station.

Panoramic view over the village Lysebotn located innermost in the Lysefjord (full image)

المناخ

Sandnes is in a common urban area with Stavanger and thus the weather station for the international airport of Stavanger Sola is the closest weather station to Sandnes proper.

Situated on the southwest coast of Norway, the local climate is greatly influenced by the temperate water in the North Sea, and Atlantic lows giving mild westerlies also in winter. This creates warmer temperatures throughout the year compared to other cities at similar latitudes, and also gives plentiful precipitation in the form of rain, especially in late autumn and winter. Sandnes is a little bit more inland than the airport so thus may have slightly warmer summer days and cooler winter nights as a result.

According to Köppen climate classification, Sandnes experiences a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb) with five months with a mean temperature above 10 °C (50 °F). Spring and early summer is the driest season. The all-time high 33.5 °C (92.3 °F) at the airport was recorded August 1975. The warmest high recorded in the Stavanger area is 34.4 °C (93.9 °F) at the weather station Stavanger-Våland (72 m) in July 2018. The warmest month on record at Stavanger Airport is August 2002 with mean 19.3 °C (66.7 °F) and average daily high 23.2 °C (73.8 °F). The all-time low −19.8 °C (−3.6 °F) was recorded January 1987. The coldest month on record is February 1963 with mean −5 °C (23 °F) and average daily low −9.6 °C (14.7 °F). The average date for the last overnight freeze (low below 0 °C (32.0 °F)) in spring is April 20[9] and average date for first freeze in autumn is October 31[10] giving a frost-free season of 193 days (Stavanger Airport Sola 1981-2010 average).

بيانات المناخ لـ مطار ستاڤانگر سولا 1991-2020 (7 m, extremes: 1947–2020, sunhours 1961-1990)
الشهر ينا فب مار أبر ماي يون يول أغس سبت أكت نوف ديس السنة
القصوى القياسية °س (°ف) 12.4
(54.3) 		13.9
(57.0) 		17.7
(63.9) 		25.2
(77.4) 		29.4
(84.9) 		30.5
(86.9) 		32.5
(90.5) 		33.5
(92.3) 		26.7
(80.1) 		22.3
(72.1) 		16.2
(61.2) 		12
(54) 		33.5
(92.3)
متوسط القصوى اليومية °س (°ف) 4.8
(40.6) 		4.6
(40.3) 		6.5
(43.7) 		10.4
(50.7) 		13.8
(56.8) 		16.3
(61.3) 		18.6
(65.5) 		18.9
(66.0) 		16.2
(61.2) 		11.9
(53.4) 		8
(46) 		5.6
(42.1) 		11.3
(52.3)
المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) 2.6
(36.7) 		2.1
(35.8) 		3.7
(38.7) 		6.9
(44.4) 		10.2
(50.4) 		13
(55) 		15.3
(59.5) 		15.7
(60.3) 		13.2
(55.8) 		9.2
(48.6) 		5.7
(42.3) 		3.4
(38.1) 		8.4
(47.1)
متوسط الدنيا اليومية °س (°ف) −0.6
(30.9) 		−0.4
(31.3) 		0.9
(33.6) 		3.6
(38.5) 		6.8
(44.2) 		10
(50) 		12.4
(54.3) 		12.7
(54.9) 		10.3
(50.5) 		6.4
(43.5) 		3
(37) 		0.6
(33.1) 		5.5
(41.8)
الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) −19.8
(−3.6) 		−19.2
(−2.6) 		−16.2
(2.8) 		−7.9
(17.8) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		0.6
(33.1) 		4.3
(39.7) 		1.2
(34.2) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		−5.2
(22.6) 		−16.1
(3.0) 		−16.1
(3.0) 		−19.8
(−3.6)
متوسط تساقط الأمطار mm (inches) 118.5
(4.67) 		99.6
(3.92) 		80.5
(3.17) 		62.5
(2.46) 		62.1
(2.44) 		67.3
(2.65) 		91.2
(3.59) 		126.5
(4.98) 		132
(5.2) 		148.3
(5.84) 		135.2
(5.32) 		132.4
(5.21) 		1٬256٫1
(49.45)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 13.7 10.4 11.9 9.9 10.7 10.6 10.8 14.0 16.9 16.7 17.7 15.6 158.9
متوسط الرطوبة النسبية (%) 82 81 78 77 75 78 78 80 80 81 82 82 80
Mean monthly ساعات سطوع الشمس 48 79 140 168 226 222 197 159 141 80 45 33 1٬538
Source 1: yr.no/met.no[11] NOAA (humidity only)[12]
Source 2: Meteostat (avg highs/lows) [13]
بيانات المناخ لـ Stavanger Airport (2002–2020 averages & extremes)
الشهر ينا فب مار أبر ماي يون يول أغس سبت أكت نوف ديس السنة
القصوى القياسية °س (°ف) 11.2
(52.2) 		13.9
(57.0) 		17.7
(63.9) 		22.4
(72.3) 		29.4
(84.9) 		29.1
(84.4) 		32.5
(90.5) 		29.4
(84.9) 		26.7
(80.1) 		22.3
(72.1) 		16.2
(61.2) 		12.0
(53.6) 		32.5
(90.5)
متوسط القصوى اليومية °س (°ف) 4.7
(40.5) 		4.8
(40.6) 		6.8
(44.2) 		10.9
(51.6) 		13.9
(57.0) 		16.8
(62.2) 		19.0
(66.2) 		19.2
(66.6) 		16.4
(61.5) 		12.2
(54.0) 		8.4
(47.1) 		6.0
(42.8) 		11.6
(52.9)
المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) 2.3
(36.1) 		2.3
(36.1) 		3.9
(39.0) 		7.5
(45.5) 		10.5
(50.9) 		13.6
(56.5) 		15.9
(60.6) 		16.1
(61.0) 		13.5
(56.3) 		9.3
(48.7) 		5.8
(42.4) 		3.6
(38.5) 		8.7
(47.6)
متوسط الدنيا اليومية °س (°ف) −0.2
(31.6) 		−0.3
(31.5) 		1.0
(33.8) 		4.0
(39.2) 		7.1
(44.8) 		10.3
(50.5) 		12.8
(55.0) 		12.9
(55.2) 		10.6
(51.1) 		6.4
(43.5) 		3.2
(37.8) 		1.1
(34.0) 		5.7
(42.3)
متوسط الدنيا °س (°ف) −8.9
(16.0) 		−7.5
(18.5) 		−5.5
(22.1) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		1.8
(35.2) 		6.0
(42.8) 		8.8
(47.8) 		8.1
(46.6) 		5.2
(41.4) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		−4.9
(23.2) 		−6.8
(19.8) 		−10.9
(12.4)
الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) −19.1
(−2.4) 		−12.8
(9.0) 		−13.3
(8.1) 		−5.2
(22.6) 		−1.5
(29.3) 		3.9
(39.0) 		6.6
(43.9) 		6.0
(42.8) 		1.8
(35.2) 		−4.3
(24.3) 		−11.7
(10.9) 		−15.5
(4.1) 		−19.1
(−2.4)
متوسط تساقط الأمطار mm (inches) 122.5
(4.82) 		89.6
(3.53) 		72.9
(2.87) 		60.7
(2.39) 		69.0
(2.72) 		66.9
(2.63) 		104.0
(4.09) 		131.3
(5.17) 		146.0
(5.75) 		142.5
(5.61) 		141.6
(5.57) 		134.6
(5.30) 		1٬281٫6
(50.45)
Source: Norsk Klimaservicesenter[14]

الموقع

Sandnes is located on the west coast of Norway. Here are some distances from the city of Sandnes to other major cities in Norway:

الحكومة

Sandnes Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[15] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Sør-Rogaland District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal.

المجلس البلدي

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Sandnes is made up of 49 representatives that are elected to four-year terms. Elections are always held two years from the parliamentary elections. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Sandnes kommunestyre 2023–2027 [16]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 12
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 13
  Industry and Business Party (Industri- og Næringspartiet) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet) 1
  Red Party (Rødt) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:49
Sandnes kommunestyre 2019–2023 [17]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  People's Action No to More Road Tolls (Folkeaksjonen nei til mer bompenger) 5
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 9
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 3
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 8
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Red Party (Rødt) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:49
Sandnes kommunestyre 2015–2019 [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 18
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 12
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 8
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:49
Sandnes kommunestyre 2011–2015 [19]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 15
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:49
Sandnes kommunestyre 2007–2011 [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 6
  Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:49
Sandnes kommunestyre 2003–2007 [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 12
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 6
  Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:49
Sandnes kommunestyre 1999–2003 [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 19
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 11
  Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet) 2
  Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:69
Sandnes kommunestyre 1995–1999 [20]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 16
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 17
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 9
  Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
Total number of members:69
Sandnes kommunestyre 1991–1995 [21]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 16
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 6
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 16
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 9
  Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 8
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 6
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 4
Total number of members:69
Sandnes kommunestyre 1987–1991 [22]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 19
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 18
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 9
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
Total number of members:69
Sandnes kommunestyre 1983–1987 [23]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 21
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 7
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 19
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 10
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
Total number of members:69
Sandnes kommunestyre 1979–1983 [24]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 20
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 22
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 12
  New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
Total number of members:69
Sandnes kommunestyre 1975–1979 [25]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 24
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 15
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 15
  New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:69
Sandnes kommunestyre 1971–1975 [26]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 26
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 12
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 8
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:69
Sandnes kommunestyre 1967–1971 [27]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 28
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 9
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 11
Total number of members:69
Sandnes bystyre 1963–1967 [28]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:29
Sandnes bystyre 1959–1963 [29]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:29
Sandnes bystyre 1955–1959 [30]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:29
Sandnes bystyre 1951–1955 [31]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:28
Sandnes bystyre 1947–1951 [32]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 12
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:28
Sandnes bystyre 1945–1947 [33]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:28
Sandnes bystyre 1937–1941* [34]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 12
Total number of members:28
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.
Sandnes bystyre 1934–1937 [35]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:20

Ruling party timeline

Mayors

The mayors (نرويجية: ordfører) of Sandnes:[36]

  • 1861-1864: Jan Adolph Budde
  • 1864-1864: Anders Tvedt
  • 1864-1864: Gabriel Sandved
  • 1865-1866: Abraham Hobberstad
  • 1866-1867: Sven Njeldson Oftedahl
  • 1867-1868: Mauritz Kartevold
  • 1869-1870: Gabriel Sandved
  • 1871-1873: Mauritz Kartevold
  • 1873-1875: Jonas Eivindson Lura
  • 1875-1876: K.M. Sørensen
  • 1876-1877: Sven Njeldson Oftedahl
  • 1877-1877: Martin Nygaard
  • 1878-1878: Svend O. Mouland
  • 1878-1879: Sven Svendson Haaland
  • 1879-1880: K.M. Sørensen
  • 1880-1882: Sven Njeldson Oftedahl
  • 1882-1882: Svend O. Mouland
  • 1883-1884: Ole Svendsen
  • 1885-1885: Andreas O. Anfindsen
  • 1886-1888: Ole Svendsen
  • 1889-1890: Petter Simon Øgland
  • 1890-1891: Samuel Jonasson Sandved
  • 1891-1895: Petter Simon Øgland
  • 1895-1896: Lars Adamson Sporaland
  • 1896-1897: Olaf Anfindsen (V)
  • 1898-1898: O.C. Østraadt (H)
  • 1899-1901: Olaf Anfindsen (V)
  • 1902-1902: O.C. Østraadt (H)
  • 1903-1903: Olaf Anfindsen (V)
  • 1904-1904: O.C. Østraadt (H)
  • 1905-1905: Olaf Anfindsen (V)
  • 1906-1907: O.C. Østraadt (H)
  • 1908-1912: L.O. Nygaard (AvH)
  • 1913-1913: Thorvald S. Øglænd (AvH)
  • 1914-1915: L.O. Nygaard (AvH)
  • 1916-1916: Thorvald S. Øglænd (AvH)
  • 1917-1919: Enok Berge (AvH)
  • 1920-1921: Thorvald S. Øglænd (AvH)
  • 1922-1929: Lars Øglænd (V)
  • 1929-1934: Johan Martinson Haga (Bp)
  • 1935-1936: Monrad Øksnevad (Bp)
  • 1936-1938: Gunvald Rasmussen (V)
  • 1938-1941: Edvard Astad (Ap)
  • 1941-1941: Monrad Øksnevad (Bp)
  • 1945-1945: Gunvald Rasmussen (V)
  • 1946-1947: Louis Torgersen (Ap)
  • 1947-1948: Tollef Fjermestad (Ap)
  • 1948-1949: Andreas J. Båstøl (Ap)
  • 1950-1950: Jakob Skretting (Ap)
  • 1950-1951: Gunvald Rasmussen (V)
  • 1952-1953: Andreas J. Båstøl (Ap)
  • 1953-1955: Louis Torgersen (Ap)
  • 1955-1956: Gunvald Rasmussen (V)
  • 1956-1957: Arthur O. Berge (KrF)
  • 1958-1959: Kristian Rønneberg (Sp)
  • 1960-1961: Audun Schance Olsen (V)
  • 1962-1963: Torleiv Tengs-Pedersen (H)
  • 1964-1964: Audun Schance Olsen (V)
  • 1965-1967: Lars Vatsendvik (V)
  • 1968-1969: Lauritz B. Sirevåg (H)
  • 1970-1971: Arne Tunheim (V)
  • 1972-1973: Beint Bentsen (KrF)
  • 1974-1977: Arne Sandnes (H)
  • 1978-1979: Odd Arnøy (KrF)
  • 1980-1981: Arne Sandnes (H)
  • 1982-1985: Sigurd Aarsland (KrF)
  • 1986-1990: Roald G. Bergsaker (H)
  • 1991-1993: Geir Mykletun (KrF)
  • 1994-2007: Jostein W. Rovik (H)
  • 2007-2011: Norunn Østråt Koksvik (H)
  • 2011-2023: Stanley Wirak (Ap)
  • 2023-present: Kenny Rettore (H)[37]

Media gallery

  • Map of Sandnes city center

    Map of Sandnes city center

  • The bus station, known as Ruten (The Route)

    The bus station, known as Ruten (The Route)

  • Jæren Tingrett (District Court)

    Jæren Tingrett (District Court)

  • Sandnes sports park from the air

    Sandnes sports park from the air

  • Sandnes by night

    Sandnes by night

  • A Sandnesgauk. A clay toy originating in Sandnes.

    A Sandnesgauk. A clay toy originating in Sandnes.

Economy

التعداد التاريخي
السنةتعداد±%
19514٬178—    
19613٬981−4.7%
197130٬705+671.3%
198136٬901+20.2%
199144٬967+21.9%
200153٬860+19.8%
201166٬245+23.0%
201674٬820+12.9%
Source: Statistics Norway

Sandnes hosts a large array of retail shops of most kinds and is used by the neighbouring municipalities appreciating the service and wide range of selections. Sandnes is known as Norway's bicycle city, mainly due to the fact that the bicycle manufacturer Øglænd DBS was situated here for decades. The city offers a variety of routes for everyday riders and tourists. Since 1996, a public bicycle rental program has been in operation in the city.

The city has a vibrant industrial base, mainly in the Ganddal area in the south and the Lura and Forus area in the north along the municipal boundary with Stavanger. There is significant activity related to oil exploration in the North Sea and also some IT-related companies. In this suburban region between Sandnes and Stavanger, malls and department stores have also been established. Among these malls is one of Norway's biggest malls, Kvadrat, meaning 'square' (although it is not square shaped anymore as it has expanded several times since it opened in 1984).

Around 30% of the population is employed in Stavanger (Q4 2004).[38] Sandnes was formerly known as the pottery town of Norway – due to the important ceramics industry based on the extensive occurrence of clay in the surroundings. The Vatneleiren military base is also located in Sandnes, just outside Vatne.

Culture, sports, and education

Since 2016, the primary football team, Sandnes Ulf, has played in the second tier, 1. divisjon, of Norwegian professional football.

Sandnes is also known for its Rugby League team, Sandnes Raiders which has supplied the Norwegian national team with players.[بحاجة لمصدر]

The major tourist attraction in Sandnes is the Science Factory (Vitenfabrikken). It is a 4،000-متر-مربع (43،000 sq ft) science museum with science and art exhibitions, a planetarium, sun telescopes, and chemistry experiments.

Sandnes is the only city in Norway which is a member of the World Health Organization's network of Healthy Cities. Sandnes and Stavanger were chosen along with Liverpool, United Kingdom, to be a European Capital of Culture for 2008.[بحاجة لمصدر]

Higher education facilities include Sandnes Upper Secondary School,[39] Gand Upper Secondary School,[40] Akademiet Upper Secondary School,[41] and Vågen Upper Secondary School.[42] In 2010 Forus Upper Secondary School and parts of Lundehaugen merged to become Vågen.[43] Lundehaugen still exists as a middle school.

The city is also home to the VID Specialized University Sandnes campus, a private Christian college.[44]

الكنائس

Sandnes Church
Hana Church

The Church of Norway has nine parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Sandnes. It is part of the Sandnes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The main church for the city is Sandnes Church, which is the seat of the deanery which covers the whole municipality.

Churches in Sandnes
Parish (sokn) Church name Location of the church Year built
Bogafjell Bogafjell Church Bogafjell 2012
Forsand Forsand Church Forsand 1854
Lyse Chapel Lysebotn 1961
Gand Gand Church Sandved 1978
Julebygda Chapel Malmheim og Soma 1957
Hana Hana Church Hana 1997
Høle Høle Church Høle 1860
Høyland Høyland Church Austrått 1841
Sviland Chapel Sviland 1913
Lura Lura Church Lura 1987
Riska Riska Church Hommersåk 1999
Old Riska Church Hommersåk 1877
Sandnes Sandnes Church Sandnes sentrum 1882

Notable people

Julie Ege, On her Majesty's Secret Service, 1968
Ivar Braut, 2017
Bjarne Berntsen, 2007
Stine Borgli, 2018

Sport

References

  1. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå (2020). "09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in النرويجية).
  2. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå (2020). "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in النرويجية).
  3. ^ "Kommunefakta". SSB (in النرويجية بوكمال). Retrieved 30 يناير 2021.
  4. ^ أ ب Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
  5. ^ "Vedtak om endring av kommunegrensen mellom Sandnes og Sola kommuner, Rogaland" (in النرويجية). Lovdata.no. Retrieved 2 نوفمبر 2017.
  6. ^ "Kommunereformen". Forsand kommune (in النرويجية). Archived from the original on 22 نوفمبر 2018. Retrieved 4 نوفمبر 2017.
  7. ^ Store norske leksikon. "Sandnes" (in النرويجية). Retrieved 7 أبريل 2016.
  8. ^ "Civic heraldry of Norway – Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 7 أبريل 2016.
  9. ^ "Siste frostnatt om våren". 4 مايو 2012.
  10. ^ "Første frostnatt". 25 سبتمبر 2013.
  11. ^ "climate statistics Sola". Archived from the original on 24 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 4 أبريل 2021.
  12. ^ قالب:Cite FTP
  13. ^ "Meteostat". Archived from the original on 5 فبراير 2022. Retrieved 5 فبراير 2022.
  14. ^ "Norsk Klimaservicesenter - Observations". Norwegian Meteorological Institute (in النرويجية). Archived from the original on 13 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 4 فبراير 2021.
  15. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 سبتمبر 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 14 أكتوبر 2022.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  16. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2023 - Rogaland". Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved 27 يناير 2024.
  17. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2019 – Rogaland". Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  18. ^ أ ب ت ث "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in النرويجية). Statistics Norway.
  19. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2011 – Rogaland". Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
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  21. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  22. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  23. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  24. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  25. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  26. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  27. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  28. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  29. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  30. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  31. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  32. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  33. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  34. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  35. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1934" (PDF) (in النرويجية). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1935. Retrieved 5 يوليو 2020.
  36. ^ "Tidligere ordførere". Sandnes kommune (in النرويجية). Retrieved 27 يناير 2024.
  37. ^ Bogen, Simon Elias (14 سبتمبر 2023). "Høyre kryper tilbake til Frp – får ordføreren i Sandnes". NRK (in النرويجية). Retrieved 27 يناير 2024.
  38. ^ "Fakta om næringslivet i Sandnes". Sandnes Kommune.[dead link]
  39. ^ "Sandnes videregående skole". www.sandnes.vgs.no (in النرويجية بوكمال). Retrieved 30 يناير 2021.
  40. ^ "Gand videregående skole". www.gand.vgs.no (in النرويجية بوكمال). Retrieved 30 يناير 2021.
  41. ^ "Akademiet vgs Sandnes | Videregående skole i Sandnes | Akademiet.no". Akademiet (in النرويجية بوكمال). Retrieved 30 يناير 2021.
  42. ^ "Vågen videregående skole | Videregående opplæring - vilbli.no". vilbli.no - Videregående opplæring (in النرويجية بوكمال). Retrieved 30 يناير 2021.
  43. ^ "Forus videregående skole". www.macbasics.no (in النرويجية بوكمال). Retrieved 30 يناير 2021.
  44. ^ "Sandnes". VID Specialized University (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 30 يناير 2021.
  45. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 02 April 2021
  46. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 02 April 2021

External links

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قالب:25 largest municipalities of Norway

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