نيتسانا

Coordinates: 30°53′10″N 34°25′21″E / 30.88611°N 34.42250°E / 30.88611; 34.42250
نيتسانا
ניצנה
الترجمة اللفظية بالـ بالعبرية
 • officialNizzana
صورة لنيتسانا من الجنوب.
صورة لنيتسانا من الجنوب.
نيتسانا is located in Southern Negev region of Israel
نيتسانا
نيتسانا
نيتسانا is located in إسرائيل
نيتسانا
نيتسانا
الإحداثيات: 30°53′10″N 34°25′21″E / 30.88611°N 34.42250°E / 30.88611; 34.42250
البلد إسرائيل
DistrictSouthern
المجلسرامات النقب
Founded1987
التعداد
 (2019)[1]
319

نيتسانا أو نيتزانا (عبرية: נִצָּנָה, ניצנה، إنگليزية: Nitzana)، هي مستوطنة مؤسسية وقرية شبابية تعليمية في جنوب إسرائيل. تقع نيتسانا في صحراء النقب الغربية، بجوار الحدود المصرية، وتتبع مجلس رامات النقب الإقليمي. عام 2019 بلغ عدد سكانها 319.[1]

نيتسانا القديمة

Ancient Nessana was founded by the Nabataeans in the 3rd century BCE. There are traces of a large first century BCE building with a monumental staircase. The settlement was a trading post on the Aila to Gaza route. In the early 2nd century CE Roman emperor Hadrian diverted this trade from Aila to Damascus. Despite this loss, Nessana grew under Byzantine rule. In the late 3rd century the fort was enlarged with stables for horses and camels. In the 4th century a church was built attached to the north end of the fort. It was dedicated to SS Sergius and Baccus. In the 7th century a second church, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, was built 60m south east of the fort.

Al Auja before 1956
Remnants of the Turkish railway station. At the far left: the water stop.

The tax register for 587–9 CE indicates that the town had 1,500 inhabitants, with 116 houses. This was a time of prosperity with the route from Gaza to Aila reopened and pilgrim traffic to Saint Catherine's Monastery. A find of late Byzantine papyri has given much detail of the life of the town. However, following the arrival of Islam the town went into a slow decline and by the 8th century it had ceased to exist.[2]

القرية الحديثة

The modern village was founded in 1987 by Aryeh Eliav, a former member of the Knesset for several left-wing parties, and was named after the Nabatean city. It also gives its name to the Nitzana Border Crossing, formerly Auja al-Hafir. It was the site of Operation Volcano in 1955, an Israeli raid against Egyptian positions. On 18 June 2012 an Israeli was killed in a terrorist attack near the village.[3]

Nitzana - aerial view

انظر أيضاً


المصادر

  1. ^ أ ب "Population in the Localities 2019" (XLS). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
  2. ^ Murphy-O'Conner, Jerome (2008) The Holy Land. An Oxford Archaeological Guide (5th edition), Oxford University Press. ISBN 978 0 19 923666 4. Pages 430-432.
  3. ^ Victim of Nitzana Attack Identified Israel National News, 18 June 2012