T

T
T
T t
الاستخدام
نظام الكتابة	Latin script
النوع	Alphabetic and logographic
لغة المنشأ	Latin language
الاستخدام الصوتي	[[]]; [[]]; [[]]; [[]]; [[]]; [[]]; [[]]; [[]]; [[]]; [[]]; []tiː[];
Unicode codepoint	U+0054, U+0074
الموقع الأبجدي	20
التاريخ
التطور	𐤕 Ττ 𐌕 T t; ; ; ; ; ; ;
الفترة الزمنية	ح. 700 BCE to present
Descendants	Th (digraph); ™; ₮; ₸; Ŧ; Ť; Ţ; Ʇ;
شقيقات	𐍄; Т; Ҭ; Ћ; Ҵ; ת; ت; ܬ; ة; ࠕ; 𐎚; 𐎙; ተ; ፐ; Տ տ; Ց ց; त; ट; ત; ટ; ⶊ;
أخرى
حروف تستخدم معه	t(x), th, tzsch
	هذه المقالة تحتوي نسخ صوتي بالأبجدية الصوتية الدولية (IPA). للحصول على دليل تمهيدي عن رموز IPA، انظر Help:IPA. للتمييز بين []، [] و ⟨ ⟩، انظر IPA § الأقواس المربعة ومحددات النسخ.

خطأ لوا في وحدة:Effective_protection_level على السطر 63: attempt to index field 'TitleBlacklist' (a nil value).

هذه المقالة تحتوي حروف خاصة. بدون دعم عرض مناسب، فقد ترى علامات استفهام، مربعات، أو رموز أخرى.

T، أو تي/تيه الحرف العشرون من الأبجدية اللاتينية.^[1] وهو الحرف الساكن الأكثر شيوعًا وثاني الأحرف الأكثر شيوعًا في نصوص اللغة الإنجليزية.^[2]

It is derived from the Semitic Taw 𐤕 of the Phoenician and Paleo-Hebrew script (Aramaic and Hebrew Taw ת/𐡕/, Syriac Taw ܬ, and Arabic ت Tāʼ) via the Greek letter τ (tau). In English, it is most commonly used to represent the voiceless alveolar plosive, a sound it also denotes in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It is the most commonly used consonant and the second-most commonly used letter in English-language texts.^[3]

التاريخ

Phoenician Taw	Western Greek Tau	Etruscan T	Latin T

Taw was the last letter of the Western Semitic and Hebrew alphabets. The sound value of Semitic Taw, the Greek alphabet Tαυ (Tau), Old Italic and Latin T has remained fairly constant, representing [] in each of these, and it has also kept its original basic shape in most of these alphabets.

الاستخدام في النظم المكتوبة

Pronunciation of ⟨t⟩ by language
Orthography	Phonemes
الصينية القياسية (Pinyin)	[]
English	[], silent
French	[], silent
German	[]
Icelandic	[]
Portuguese	[]
Portuguese	[], allophone of [] before [], [] and [] in some Brazilian dialects
Spanish	[]
Turkish	[]

الإنجليزية

In English, ⟨t⟩ usually denotes the voiceless alveolar plosive (International Phonetic Alphabet and X-SAMPA: []), as in tart, tee, or ties, often with aspiration at the beginnings of words or before stressed vowels. The letter ⟨t⟩ corresponds to the affricate [] in some words as a result of yod-coalescence (for example, in words ending in -"ture", such as future).

A common digraph is ⟨th⟩, which usually represents a dental fricative, but occasionally represents [] (as in Thomas and thyme). The digraph ⟨ti⟩ often corresponds to the sound [] (a voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant) word-medially when followed by a vowel, as in nation, ratio, negotiation, and Croatia.

In a few words of modern French origin, the letter T is silent at the end of a word; these include croquet and debut.

اللغات الأخرى

In the orthographies of other languages, ⟨t⟩ is often used for [], the voiceless dental plosive [], or similar sounds.

الأنظمة الأخرى

In the International Phonetic Alphabet, ⟨t⟩ denotes the voiceless alveolar plosive.

استخدامات أخرى

Unit prefix T, meaning 1,000,000,000,000 times.

حروف ذات صلة

السلالة والحروف ذات الصلة في الأبجدية اللاتينية

A curly T pictured in the coat of arms of the former Teisko municipality, which was consolidated to Tampere.

T with diacritics: Ť ť Ṫ ṫ ẗ Ţ ţ Ṭ ṭ Ʈ ʈ Ț ț ƫ Ṱ ṱ Ṯ ṯ Ŧ ŧ Ⱦ ⱦ Ƭ ƭ ᵵ [ك‍]^[4] ᶵ [ك‍]^[5]
Ꞇ ꞇ : Insular T,^[أ] also used by William Pryce to designate the voiceless dental fricative [θ]^[6]
ᫎ : Combining small insular t was used in the Ormulum^[7]
[] : Turned small t is used in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
𐞯 : Modifier letter small t with retroflex hook is a superscript IPA letter^[8]
𝼉 : Latin small letter t with hook and retroflex hook is a symbol for a voiceless retroflex implosive^[9]^[10]
𝼍 : Latin small turned t with curl is a click letter^[11]^[10]
Uralic Phonetic Alphabet-specific symbols related to T:^[12]
- U+1D1B ᴛ latin letter small capital t
- U+1D40 ᵀ modifier letter capital t
- U+1D57 ᵗ modifier letter small t
- U+1E97 ẗ latin small letter t with diaeresis
ₜ [ك‍] : Subscript small t was used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet prior to its formal standardization in 1902^[13]
ȶ : T with curl is used in Sino-Tibetanist linguistics^[14]
Ʇ ʇ : Turned capital T and turned small t were used in transcriptions of the Dakota language in publications of the American Board of Ethnology in the late 19th century.^[15]
𝼪 : Small t with mid-height left hook was used by the British and Foreign Bible Society in the early 20th century for romanization of the Malayalam language.^[16]

الأسلاف والخلَف في أبجديات أخرى

𐤕 : Semitic letter Taw, from which the following symbols originally derive:
- Τ τ : Greek letter Tau
  - Ⲧ ⲧ : Coptic letter Taw, which derives from Greek Tau
  - Т т : Cyrillic letter Te, also derived from Tau
  - 𐍄 : Gothic letter tius, which derives from Greek Tau
  - 𐌕 : Old Italic T, which derives from Greek Tau, and is the ancestor of modern Latin T
    - ᛏ : Runic letter teiwaz, which probably derives from old Italic T
ፐ : One of the 26 consonantal letters of the Ge'ez script. The Ge'ez abugida developed under the influence of Christian scripture by adding obligatory vocalic diacritics to the consonantal letters. Pesa ፐ is based on Tawe ተ.

علامات ورموز مشتقة واختصارات

تمثيلات أخرى

حوسبة

الحرف	T		t		Ｔ		ｔ
Unicode name	LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T		LATIN SMALL LETTER T		FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T		FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER T
Encodings	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex
يونيكود	84	U+0054	116	U+0074	65332	U+FF34	65364	U+FF54
UTF-8	84	54	116	74	239 188 180	EF BC B4	239 189 148	EF BD 94
Numeric character reference	T	T	t	t	Ｔ	Ｔ	ｔ	ｔ
EBCDIC family	227	E3	163	A3
ASCII^[ب]	84	54	116	74

غيرهم

نطق الناتو	رمز مورس
Tango	–


العلم الدولي	سيمافور العلم	Braille dots-2345

The letter T in German Sign Language

ملاحظات

^ Unicode treats representation of letters of the Latin alphabet written in insular script as a typeface choice that needs no separate coding. U+A786 Ꞇ latin capital letter insular t and U+A787 ꞇ latin small letter insular t are provided for use by phonetics specialists.^[6]
^ Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.

مراجع

^ "T", Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition (1989); Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (1993); "tee", op. cit.
^ "Relative Frequencies of Letters in General English Plain text". Retrieved يونيو 25, 2008.
^ Lewand, Robert. "Relative Frequencies of Letters in General English Plain text". Cryptographical Mathematics. Central College. Archived from the original on يوليو 8, 2008. Retrieved يونيو 25, 2008.
^ Constable, Peter (سبتمبر 30, 2003). "L2/03-174R2: Proposal to Encode Phonetic Symbols with Middle Tilde in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 11, 2017. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.
^ Constable, Peter (أبريل 19, 2004). "L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 11, 2017. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.
^ ^أ ^ب Everson, Michael (أغسطس 6, 2006). "L2/06-266: Proposal to add Latin letters and a Greek symbol to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أغسطس 19, 2013. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.
^ Everson, Michael; West, Andrew (أكتوبر 5, 2020). "L2/20-268: Revised proposal to add ten characters for Middle English to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 24, 2020. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.
^ Miller, Kirk; Ashby, Michael (نوفمبر 8, 2020). "L2/20-252R: Unicode request for IPA modifier-letters (a), pulmonic" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on يوليو 30, 2021. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.
^ Miller, Kirk (يوليو 11, 2020). "L2/20-125R: Unicode request for expected IPA retroflex letters and similar letters with hooks" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 8, 2022. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.
^ ^أ ^ب Anderson, Deborah (ديسمبر 7, 2020). "L2/21-021: Reference doc numbers for L2/20-266R "Consolidated code chart of proposed phonetic characters" and IPA etc. code point and name changes" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on يناير 8, 2021. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.
^ Miller, Kirk; Sands, Bonny (يوليو 10, 2020). "L2/20-115R: Unicode request for additional phonetic click letters" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 8, 2022. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.
^ Everson, Michael; et al. (مارس 20, 2002). "L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on فبراير 19, 2018. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.
^ Ruppel, Klaas; Aalto, Tero; Everson, Michael (يناير 27, 2009). "L2/09-028: Proposal to encode additional characters for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 11, 2017. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.
^ Cook, Richard; Everson, Michael (سبتمبر 20, 2001). "L2/01-347: Proposal to add six phonetic characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 11, 2017. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.
^ Everson, Michael; Jacquerye, Denis; Lilley, Chris (يوليو 26, 2012). "L2/12-270: Proposal for the addition of ten Latin characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on مارس 30, 2019. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.
^ Miller, Kirk; Rees, Neil (يوليو 16, 2021). "L2/21-156: Unicode request for legacy Malayalam" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on سبتمبر 7, 2021. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.

وصلات خارجية

وسائط متعلقة بـT من مشاع المعرفة.
The Wiktionary definition of T
The Wiktionary definition of t

الأبجدية اللاتينية المعاصرة الأساسية
Aa	Bb	Cc	Dd	Ee	Ff	Gg	Hh	Ii	Jj	Kk	Ll	Mm	Nn	Oo	Pp	Qq	Rr	Ss	Tt	Uu	Vv	Ww	Xx	Yy	Zz
حرف T بالتنوينات المختلفة ŤťṪṫŢţṬṭȚțṰṱṮṯŦŧȾⱦƬƭƮʈT̈ẗᵵƫȶ التاريخ • علم الخطاطة • المشتقات • التشكيل • punctuation • الأرقام • يونيكود • قائمة الحروف • ISO/IEC 646

?

[7] Unicode treats representation of letters of the Latin alphabet written in insular script as a typeface choice that needs no separate coding. U+A786 Ꞇ latin capital letter insular t and U+A787 ꞇ latin small letter insular t are provided for use by phonetics specialists.^[6]

[18] Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.

[1] "T", Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition (1989); Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (1993); "tee", op. cit.

[2] "Relative Frequencies of Letters in General English Plain text". Retrieved يونيو 25, 2008.

[3] Lewand, Robert. "Relative Frequencies of Letters in General English Plain text". Cryptographical Mathematics. Central College. Archived from the original on يوليو 8, 2008. Retrieved يونيو 25, 2008.

[4] Constable, Peter (سبتمبر 30, 2003). "L2/03-174R2: Proposal to Encode Phonetic Symbols with Middle Tilde in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 11, 2017. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.

[5] Constable, Peter (أبريل 19, 2004). "L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 11, 2017. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.

[Insular-6] أ ^ب Everson, Michael (أغسطس 6, 2006). "L2/06-266: Proposal to add Latin letters and a Greek symbol to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أغسطس 19, 2013. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.

[L220268-8] Everson, Michael; West, Andrew (أكتوبر 5, 2020). "L2/20-268: Revised proposal to add ten characters for Middle English to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 24, 2020. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.

[L220252-9] Miller, Kirk; Ashby, Michael (نوفمبر 8, 2020). "L2/20-252R: Unicode request for IPA modifier-letters (a), pulmonic" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on يوليو 30, 2021. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.

[L220125-10] Miller, Kirk (يوليو 11, 2020). "L2/20-125R: Unicode request for expected IPA retroflex letters and similar letters with hooks" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 8, 2022. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.

[L221021-11] أ ^ب Anderson, Deborah (ديسمبر 7, 2020). "L2/21-021: Reference doc numbers for L2/20-266R "Consolidated code chart of proposed phonetic characters" and IPA etc. code point and name changes" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on يناير 8, 2021. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.

[L220115-12] Miller, Kirk; Sands, Bonny (يوليو 10, 2020). "L2/20-115R: Unicode request for additional phonetic click letters" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 8, 2022. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.

[13] Everson, Michael; et al. (مارس 20, 2002). "L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on فبراير 19, 2018. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.

[14] Ruppel, Klaas; Aalto, Tero; Everson, Michael (يناير 27, 2009). "L2/09-028: Proposal to encode additional characters for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 11, 2017. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.

[15] Cook, Richard; Everson, Michael (سبتمبر 20, 2001). "L2/01-347: Proposal to add six phonetic characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on أكتوبر 11, 2017. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.

[16] Everson, Michael; Jacquerye, Denis; Lilley, Chris (يوليو 26, 2012). "L2/12-270: Proposal for the addition of ten Latin characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on مارس 30, 2019. Retrieved مارس 24, 2018.

[L221156-17] Miller, Kirk; Rees, Neil (يوليو 16, 2021). "L2/21-156: Unicode request for legacy Malayalam" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on سبتمبر 7, 2021. Retrieved أكتوبر 13, 2022.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[أ]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[ب]